Exam 2

Question 1

Most commonly used method of contraception in the U.S

Answer 1

surgical sterilization

Question 2

Most commonly used methods of contraception among sexually active teenagers

Answer 2

condoms and pills

Question 3

Title X

Answer 3

The Title X Family Planning program was enacted in 1970 as Title X of the Public Health Service Act (Public Law 91-572 Population Research and Voluntary Family Planning Programs). Title X is the only federal grant program dedicated solely to providing individuals with comprehensive family planning and related preventive health services.
Title X assists individuals and couples in planning and spacing births, contributing to positive birth outcomes and improved health for women and infants.

Question 4

Proportion of unintended pregnancies among women in poverty, those unmarried and those 18 to 24 year old

Answer 4

1/2 of women 15-44 years of age in the USA have experienced at least one un planned pregnancy.
35% of all live births are the result of unplanned pregnancy. The proportion is higher for unintended pregnancies among women in poverty, those unmarried and those 18 to 24 year old

Question 5

1980 and President Ronald Regan impact on family planning funds

Answer 5

he omitted family planing funds from all of his budgets and spoke in opposition to abortion.

Question 6

the patient protection and affordable care act of 2010 and medicaid expansion

Answer 6

aims to expand health insurance coverage by 2014 to the millions presently uninsured including many childless young adults

Question 7

facts about unintended pregnancies in the US

Answer 7

1/2 of women 15-44 years of age in the USA have experienced at lessons one unplanned pregnancy.
1/2 of all pregnancy in the USA are unintended. 35% of all live births are from unintended pregnancy.

Question 8

Abortion and family planning in the US

Answer 8

1 in 4 pregnancy end in abortion. 1/2 among pregnant teenagers

Question 9

impact of the 1980 programs to promote just say no and the abstinence only programs on sexual behavior among teenagers

Answer 9

did not reverse trends in sexual behavior

Question 10

list 6 consequences of an unwanted pregnancy

Answer 10

low birth weight, premature birth, less likely to use early well baby care and breast feeding, less likely to seek prenatal care, more likely to exposes the fetus to harmful substances like tobacco and alcohol, more likely to die withing the first year of life. more likely to be abused.

Question 11

Define Infant Mortality

Answer 11

The death of children under the age of one year.

Question 12

What is the strongest risk factor predictor for a subsequent poor birth outcome

Answer 12

a prior poor birth out come

Question 13

What is the “Back to Sleep” campaign

Answer 13

Began in 1992, encourages parents to place infants to sleep on their back or sides rather then placing them on their stomachs to reduce the incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) the leading cause of post neonatal death in the United States

Question 14

Infant Mortality in the US

Answer 14

6.86 deaths per 1,000 live births

Question 15

Define Maternal mortality

Answer 15

the sole women’s health indicator, with measures estimating ratios of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births or women average lifetime risks of dying from pregnancy related causes.

Question 16

The period of greatest environmental sensitivity for developing fetus

Answer 16

is between 17 and 56 days after fertilization. Cell organization, cell differentiation, and organogenesis take place during this period.

Question 17

Healthy Start

Answer 17

was designed to improve birth outcomes and reduce infant mortality rates in the nation areas of highest need.

Question 18

List 3 reasons for the increase in LBW in the US.

Answer 18

multiple births caused by fertility drugs and other assisted reproductive technologies, increased inductions of labor and cesarean deliveries

Question 19

Define maternal death.

Answer 19

the death of a women while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy from and cause related to or aggravated by pregnancy or it management (not from accidental or incidental causes)

Question 20

List 5 maternal risk factors that should be addressed prior to conception

Answer 20

Chronic disease, genetic disorders, infectious disease, exposers, reproductive concerns

Question 21

List 4 functions of prenatal care.

Answer 21

Risk assessment, serial surveillance, health education and psychosocial support.

Question 22

Fastest growing racial group among preschool population and all children in the U.S.

Answer 22

Hispanic children.

Question 23

Leading cause of death among preschool children in the U.S.

Answer 23

injuries

Question 24

Among 1-4 year olds in the U.S., the leading cause of unintentional injury and death

Answer 24

Drowning

Question 25

Part B Preschool Grants Program

Answer 25

referred to as IDEA, encouraged states to entitle all 3-5 yr old children with a disability to a free and appropriate public education, only federal program exclusively serving preschool age children with disabilities. services provided include: assistive technology devices and services, early identification and assessment, medical services for diagnosis.

Question 26

Head Start, what is it and is it considered successful

Answer 26

launched in 1965, national initiative to help improve the odds that poor young children would exceed in life. services included comprehensive health services program that encompasses a broad range of medical, dental nutrition and mental health services, preventive health services and early intervention, service coordination to link the child’s family to an ongoing health care system to ensure that the child continues to receive comprehensive health care after leaving. often only program serving family’s with severe disabilities, most children and family’s have positive outcomes.

Question 27

Part C Infant and Toddler Program

Answer 27

section of IDEA a mechanism for developing systems of family centered services for infants and toddlers with or at risk for disabilities and there families.

Question 28

New York City’s Division of Child Hygiene

Answer 28

First government sponsored agency in the world dedicated to child health, trained 30 public health nurses to teach recent immigrants preventive health practice such as proper ventilation, bathing, breast feeding and clothing for infants and young children.

Question 29

Most prevalent chronic condition in preschool children

Answer 29

asthma

Question 30

The prevalence of asthma in preschoolers

Answer 30

most preschool children have no physical signs of asthma,

Question 31

Immunization requirements

Answer 31

Up to date immunization are required of children in licensed child care settings.

Question 32

MMR vaccine and the risk of autism.

Answer 32

MMR dose not cause autism.