Exam 2

Question 1

What are arteries?

Answer 1

They are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

Question 2

What are the characteristics of arteries?

Answer 2

Aorta, rigid, thick walls, high pressure

Question 3

What are veins?

Answer 3

Blood vessels that return blood to the heart

Question 4

What are the characteristics of veins?

Answer 4

Super and inferior vena cava, not rigid, thinner walls, lower pressure, and one-way values

Question 5

What are the layers of an artery and a vein?

Answer 5

Tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica externa

Question 6

What is blood pressure?

Answer 6

The force exerted on the blood vessels when the heart contracts and relaxes

Question 7

What is systolic?

Answer 7

Contraction

Question 8

What is diastolic?

Answer 8

Relaxation

Question 9

What is the blood pressure read as?

Answer 9

in mmHg, systolic over diastolic pressure

Question 10

What is the normal blood pressure?

Answer 10

120/80

Question 11

What is a sphygmomanometer?

Answer 11

A machine used to measure blood pressure from the brachial artery

Question 12

What does inflating the cuff do to the blood flow?

Answer 12

constrict it in the blood vessel

Question 13

What is the first sound you hear through the stethoscope?

Answer 13

The systolic pressure

Question 14

What causes the sounds we hear in the stethoscope?

Answer 14

The flow of blood

Question 15

What is diastolic pressure through the stethoscope?

Answer 15

When you do not hear any noise

Question 16

What is laminar flow?

Answer 16

When blood flows in layers within the lumen of blood vessels, the layers in the middle of the lumen flow fastest

Question 17

What happens to the BP when the lumen diameter increases?

Answer 17

It decreases

Question 18

What is hypertension?

Answer 18

High BP

Question 19

What is hypotension?

Answer 19

Low BP

Question 20

What is Normotension?

Answer 20

average BP

Question 21

What is Korotkoff’s sound?

Answer 21

Blood pressure after contraction

Question 22

What is MAP?

Answer 22

mean arterial pressure

Question 23

What is the formula of MAP?

Answer 23

DP + 1/3 PP

Question 24

What is PP?

Answer 24

Systolic-diastolic

Question 25

What is good about conductive arteries?

Answer 25

A thick tunica media has a large amount of elastic fibers, an example is the aorta.

Question 26

What are neutrophils?

Answer 26

2-5 lobed nuclei, they are increased due to bacterial infections

Question 27

What are eosinophils?

Answer 27

2 lobed nuclei, large pink granules. Increased due to allergic reactions and parasitic infections

Question 28

What are basophils?

Answer 28

Large, violet granules. 2 lobed nuclei and increased due to allergic reactions and cancer

Question 29

What are lymphocytes?

Answer 29

Large and round nuclei increased due to viral infections

Question 30

What are monocytes?

Answer 30

Horseshoe-shaped nuclei increased due to viral and fungal infections

Question 31

What are antigens?

Answer 31

Any substance to which the immune system can respond

Question 32

What are antibodies?

Answer 32

Any substance that binds to and reacts with a specific antigen

Question 33

What antigens and antibodies do type A have?

Answer 33

Antigen A and Anti-B antibodies

Question 34

What antigens and antibodies do type B have?

Answer 34

Antigen B and Anti-A antibodies

Question 35

What antigens and antibodies do type AB have?

Answer 35

Antigen A and Antigen B, no antibodies

Question 36

What antigens and antibodies do type O have?

Answer 36

No antigen, both anti-A and anti-B antibodies

Question 37

What is the universal recipient?

Answer 37

AB positive

Question 38

What is the universal donor?

Answer 38

O negative

Question 39

What does it mean if the type is Rh +?

Answer 39

It can receive both Rh + and - blood.