Exam 2

Question 1

Define Watershed

Answer 1

area of land draining into a specific body of water

Question 2

Define unsaturated zone

Answer 2

some pores have gases

Question 3

define percolation

Answer 3

downward movement of water in soil

Question 4

define ground water

Answer 4

all pores filled with water

Question 5

define discharge

Answer 5

runoff

Question 6

define infiltration

Answer 6

penetration of water into soil

Question 7

define transpiration

Answer 7

water passes through plant and evaporates from leaf surfaces

Question 8

Managing the water cycle in agriculture

Answer 8

minimize evaporation, maximize transpiration

Question 9

what happens to water cycle when plants start to grow

Answer 9

more water use, less evaporation

Question 10

Driving forces of water movement

Answer 10

H bonding, cohesion, surface tension, capillary rise

Question 11

Define cohesion

Answer 11

the attraction of water molecules to one another

Question 12

define surface tension

Answer 12

the net inward force of water at the air water interface

Question 13

Define respiration

Answer 13

process by which organisms break down an energy source and extract energy

Question 14

define soil organic matter

Answer 14

living and dead organisms, residue from dead organisms

Question 15

define fossil fuels

Answer 15

a bunch of dead organisms converted through heat and pressure

Question 16

what is photosynthesis

Answer 16

direct chemical connection between carbon and water

Question 17

define protected soil organic matter

Answer 17

organic matter chemically stabilized by bonding to soil minerals

Question 18

define biochar

Answer 18

charcoal from forest fires or soil amendment, acts like a sponge, increases water and nutrient holding