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MUS121 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What music dominated the medieval period?

A

Music by the church; sacred and secular music etc.

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2
Q

What is Sacred music?

A

Music that has a religious connotation and function (christian monks)

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3
Q

How do you describe sacred music?

A

Mostly vocal, instruments were sparsely used (they were considered distracting to the religious message); music was mostly MONOPHONIC

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4
Q

What is monophonic?

A

Music containing only ONE melodic line

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5
Q

What is secular music?

A

NONRELIGIOUS, music from the middle ages. Had french noble composers (and Troubadours, Trouvere, and Troubaritz)

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6
Q

what were the middle ages also known as?

A

the medieval period

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7
Q

what is Gregorian chant also known as?

A

Plainchant

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8
Q

what language is gregorian chant/plainchant

A

melody set to SACRED LATIN texts

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9
Q

who is associated with gregorian chants?

A

Pope Gregory 1 (The Great)

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10
Q

What did Pope Gregory 1 (The Great) do?

A

Reorganized and standardized the Catholic liturgy

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11
Q

What does the Mass Ordinary Music include?

A

Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, and Agnus Dei

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12
Q

What is melisma?

A

the act of singing MULTIPLE pitches per syllable

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13
Q

What is Dies Irae?

A

Used in a Requiem (mass for the dead/funeral)

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14
Q

Who was Hildegard von Bingen?

A

Diplomat, nun, visionary, mystic, appointed saint; wrote poetry and music

Wrote the earliest mortality play and had visions since she was 3years old.

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15
Q

What is a Tessitura ?

A

The WHOLE pitch range of a piece of music (highest and lowest notes).

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16
Q

What’s the difference between Hildegard’s Tessitura and Gregorians?

A

Hildegard’s tessitura is MASSIVE whereas Gregorian chant has less range w it’s tessitura.

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17
Q

What’s Troubaritz ?

A

female troubadour/trouvere

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18
Q

Troubadours were around ?

A

Southern France (Guillamane IX)

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19
Q

Trouveres were?

A

Northern France (Chastelain de Couci)

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20
Q

Minstrels had their music composed by who?

A

composed by the Troubadours and Trouveres.

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21
Q

What are MINSTRELS?

A

Court entertainers; composed of musicians jugglers, acrobats, and singers

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22
Q

What are Jongleurs?

A

Wandering Minstrels

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23
Q

Organum (SACRED) was what?

A

The ADDITIONAL SECOND LINE on top of the original Gregorian chant

24
Q

Notre Dame is what?

A

In PARIS, intellectual artistic capital of Europe

25
Q

Who taught at Notre Dam?

A

Leonin & Perotin

26
Q

What does renaissance mean?

A

Rebirth —> massive changes and the END!!! of the medieval period

27
Q

Who is Martin Luther?

A

Lead the protestant revolution and PROTESTED the “indulgences”; was apart of the REBIRTH era of medieval/renaissance europe

28
Q

Two main styles of indian classical ?

A

Carnatic (SOUTH) and Hindustani (NORTH)

29
Q

what’s north indian music?

A

Hindustani —> starts slow and speeds up

30
Q

what’s south indian music?

A

carnatic —> lively and upfront in face

31
Q

What are The Vedas?

A

Large body of texts, OLDEST layer of sanskrit literature

32
Q

The Vedas combined what?

A

instrumental, vocal, and dance

33
Q

what is the Samaveda ?

A

meant to be HEARD ONLY; contains the veda melodies and chants (passed down through oral traditions)

34
Q

What is Raga?

A

Indian Classical Scale

35
Q

What is Raga associated w?

A

The color of atmosphere; MOODS - love, tranquality, heroism

can depict moods of atmosphere and are very SPECIFIC

36
Q

What is Alap?

A

type of SOLO introduction that can be REALLY LONG, and very spiritual and meditative

UNFOLDS AND DISPLAYS the RAGA!

37
Q

What is Gat?

A

Rhythm is introduced; MAIN BODY of composition

38
Q

What is Lehra?

A

a REPEATED melodic figure (effective for soloing)

39
Q

What is the Tala?

A

the time signature

40
Q

What is the Tihai ?

A

A rhythmic structure has 3 equal phrases (legs). A type of CADENCE that concludes on SAM.

41
Q

What is Chakradhar ?

A

tihai within tihai

42
Q

What is Sam?

A

beat ONE of the tala

43
Q

What is Bols?

A

spoken syllable; also used to define TALA and RHYTHMIC PATTERNS

Dha, Dhin, Ta, Na, Tira, Kita

Traka, Ghina, Ten, Naghotete

44
Q

What is Theka?

A

basic rhythmic phrase of tala

45
Q

What is Teental?

A

16 beat cycle, 4 beats of 4 like 4/4

46
Q

What is the japanese word for drum?

A

TAIKO

47
Q

What is a contemporary ensamble version of TRADITIONAL JAPANESE drumming?

A

Kumidaiko

48
Q

Japanese word for mallet/stick?

A

Bachi

49
Q

THE SONG maru bihag starts with what?

A

a SCALE (hindustani)

50
Q

What track is spoken/vocal w hand clapping and Ragas?

A

Konnakol Duet - by V Shivapriya

51
Q

What language is the song O VOS IMITATORES sung in? By Hildegard von Bingen

A

latin and SUNG ONLY BY WOMEN

52
Q

What song was used in THE SHINING and has Dies Irae undertones?

A

Symphony Fantastique - Berlioz

(song about being sentenced to death); slightly whimsical sounding w orchestral music

53
Q

what instruments does A CHANTAR - BEATRIZ DE DÍA have?

A

flute solo and VIOL, old french (secular), LOTS OF MELISMA

dovetail into flute solo

54
Q

O Succesores was by who? describe song also

A

has VIOL, and choir of WOMEN, tessitura is literally off the sheet music charts

55
Q

What song sounds like typical medieval music?

A

Douce Dame Jolie - Guillaume Machaut

(old french SECULAR)

56
Q

How does the SONG Dies Irae go?

A

Lyrics and octaves bring you DOWN, song about people going to HELL during the RAPTURE

57
Q

How does Raga Piloo go?

A

OOOO —> fast with “rainbow” strum in background; listened to on monday

MUS121 (3 decks)

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