Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What age does the CDC switch immunization to an adult schedule

A

19 years old

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2
Q

What are the 4 patient factors to consider when evaluating what drug you should use

A

Age
PMH
SH
FH

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3
Q

What is VIS (vaccine information statement)

A

Info sheet on benefits, risks, what to do if adverse reaction occurs

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4
Q

When is the VIS document provided when administering a vaccine

A

Before the vaccine is given

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5
Q

Age at which routine flu vaccine is recommended

A

6 months of age

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6
Q

Age at which the annual pneumococcal vaccine is recommended

A

65 years old

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7
Q

When is Tdap is recommended

A

During pregnancy
Booster every 10 years

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8
Q

What is the age recommendation at which Zoster (RZV) vaccine should be given annually

A

50 years old

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9
Q

Conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients and integrating individual clinical expertise with the best available external clinical evidence from systematic research

A

Evidence-based medicine definition

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10
Q

Dissemination of scientific information

A

Complete of og research project
Prep and submission of abstract
acceptance of abstract for presentation
publication of abstract and present project

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11
Q

Non-solicited commentary pointing out weaknesses in a study or adding information not discussed in the article

A

Letter to the editor

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12
Q

Written by an editor or selected expert that brings attention to and comments on an original research article by either supporting it (through praise or adding additional information) or questioning the results and attempting to refute the article, or at least interpret the results with caution.

A

Editorial

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13
Q

Initial incomplete report, generally published with all
other abstracts from a meeting

A

Abstract

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14
Q

Observational in nature.
Describe one or more patients with regard to disease or treatment of interest.
Generally for rare or unique diseases and treatments

A

Case Report

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15
Q

Combines data from many studies and then analyzes the combined data set. Allows for much larger sample sizes than can be seen from one individual trial.

A

Meta Analysis

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16
Q

Scientifically investigates original research articles with
a pre-defined method and entry criteria including how studies are identified and how data are extracted.

A

Systematic Review

17
Q

Reviews a particular topic.
Summarizes information that the author feels is important in a manner that lacks systematic searching or analysis of the literature. Subjective summary
and analysis.

A

Narrative Review (non-systematic)

18
Q

systematically developed statements to assist
practitioner and patient decisions about appropriate health care for specific clinical circumstances

A

Clinical Practice Guidelines

19
Q

What are the components of a general assessment

A

Age
Skin
Facial features
Level of consciousness
Acute distress
Nutrition
Dress and grooming
Body structure
Behavior
Mobility

20
Q

List and explain the 4 assessment techniques used during physical examination of a print

A

Inspection: visual looking
Palpitation: touching and feeling with the hand
Percussion: striking body surface to determine underlying structures
Auscultation: listening to body sounds

21
Q

What is the core body temperature

A

97.5 to 99

22
Q

Normal fluctuations of body temp include

A

Diurnal: low in morning and peaks at 5pm
Age: infant higher temp while elderly have lower temp

23
Q

What are the 5 routes to measure body temp

A

Oral
Rectal 1 degree higher
Axillary (armpit) 1 degree lower
Tempanic (eardrum)
Temporal (forehead)

24
Q

Antipyretic drug examples

A

Acetaminophen
Aspirin
Ibuprofen
Naproxen

25
Q

What is sometimes referred to a 5th vital sign

A

Pain

26
Q

Subjective and objective pain examples

A

Subjective: verb complains, taking pain meds, ROS, pain scale
Objective: facial expression, body movement, vocalization

27
Q

What is the definition of pulse

A

A pressure wave felt in a peripheral artery created each time the heart contracts and pushes blood through the vasculature

28
Q

What are drugs/substances to increase heart rate or blood pressure

A

Pain
Hypoglycemia
Hyperthyroidism
Dehydration
Blood loss
Heart failure

29
Q

What are drugs/substances to decrease heart rate or blood pressure

A

NASID
Estrogen containing hormone contraceptives
Verapamil
Diltiazem

30
Q

Difference between radial and brachial artery

A

Radial: wrist, used to access HR, heart rhythm
Brachial: toward body above elbow crease, used to access BP

31
Q

Lifestyle changes that lower BP

A

Diet
Weight loss
Exercise
Emotions (decrease stress)

32
Q

What are the four traditional vital signs

A

Temp
BP
Pulse
Respiratory rate

33
Q

What is respiratory rate and what units define it

A

Determined by inspection of the patient counting number of breaths
RPM

34
Q

What is a normal RR (respiratory rate)

A

12-20 rpm

35
Q

What can increase or decrease RR

A

Fast: COPD, pulmonary embolism, pain, stress, fear
Slow: opioids, overdose, toxicity, head injury, hypothyroidism

36
Q

What is cyanosis and dyspnea

A

Cyanosis: blue discoloration of skin, gums, fingernails, mucous membrane, lack of O2
Dyspnea: difficulty breathing (SOB)

37
Q

Examples of lung sounds

A

Wheeze/rhonchi
Crackles/rales

38
Q

Are spirometry and peak flow meter subjective or objective

A

Objective