Exam 2

Question 1

What is the function of ACh and how is it removed from the synaptic cleft?

Question 2

What are the two major typed of AChRs?

Question 3

What are the structural and functional differences between AChRs?

Question 4

Facilitation

Question 5

Depression

Answer 5

rapid decrease in synaptic strength during sustained synaptic activity

Question 6

How long does synaptic depression last?

Answer 6

hundreds of milliseconds

Question 7

mechanisms of synaptic depression

Answer 7

depletion of readily releasable pool (RRP) of synaptic vesicles
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declined NT release

Question 8

How is synaptic depression correlated to the amount of transmitter release?

Answer 8

more transmitter release = more depletion of readily releasable vesicles

Question 9

Augmentation and Potentiation

Answer 9

after repeat synaptic activity, increase in synaptic strength over a longer time scale than synaptic facilitation

Question 10

How long does augmentation last

Answer 10

over a few seconds

Question 11

How long does potentiation last?

Answer 11

tens of seconds to minutes

Question 12

Mechanisms of augmentation

Answer 12

elecation of presynaptic calcium levels

Question 13

Synaptic Plasticity

Answer 13

the ability of synapses to strengthen or weaken synaptic transmission in response to neural activity over time

Question 14

Short term plasticity

Answer 14

changes last for a few minutes or less

Question 15

Increased synaptic strength due to enhanced NT release leads to:

Answer 15

synaptic facilitation, augmentation, and potentiation

Question 16

Reduced synaptic strength due to decreased NT release leads to:

Answer 16

synaptic depression

Question 17

Long term plasticity

Answer 17

changes last for 30 minutes or more

Question 18

Long term potentiation

Answer 18

Increased synaptic strength due to increased AMAP receptors in postsynaptic cell surface

Question 19

Long term depression

Answer 19

decreases synaptic strength due to AMAP receptors in postsynaptic cell surface

Question 20

Synaptic facilitation

Answer 20

rapid increase in synaptic strength that occurs when two or more AP invade the presynaptic terminal within a few milliseconds of each other

Question 21

How long does synaptic facilitation last

Answer 21

tens of milliseconds

Question 22

What is the mechanism behind synaptic facilitation

Answer 22

calcium builds up by several AP arrive close together in time.
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prolonged elevation of presynaptic calcium levels
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more NT to be released by a subsequent presynaptic action potential