Exam 2 Flashcards
How can you tell the groups on the periodic table? And what do they stand for?
They are the vertical columns and the amount of electrons on the outer shell
How can you tell the periods on the periodic table? And what do they stand for?
They are the horizontal rows and the amount of shells an element has
What makes up metal?
an element that has luster, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and malleability
What makes up a non metal?
The opposite of metal
What indicates a full valence shell?
When there are 8 electrons in it
What indicates a covalent bond?
When electrons ARE SHARED
What indicates an ionic bond?
gaining or losing an electron is an ionic bond
how many electrons can the inner most shell have?
2
What is a positive ion called?
cation
What is a negative ion called?
anion
What happens when an atom loses an electron?
It turns positive (into a cation)
What happens when an atom gains an electron?
It turns negative (into an anion)
What is a key factor in deciding if it is an ionic bond or a covalent bond?
Ionic bonds are non metal and metal elements bonding together and covalent bonds are nonmetal and nonmetal elements bonding together
What is the lewis symbol?
Where the dots are shown around the element number
What is the chemical name for CH4?
methane
What is the chemical name for H2O2?
hydrogen peroxide
What is the chemical name for H2O?
water
What is the chemical name for NH3?
ammonia
What is the chemical name for N2O?
nitrous oxide
What bond do polyatomic ions use?
covalent bonds
Covalent bonds are between what kinds of metals?
nonmetals
Covalent compounds can create ______ and _______ and _____?
solid, liquid, gas
Ionic compounds can create?
ONLY SOLIDS
What are coordinate covalent bonds?
Where one atom supplies more electrons to the bond than the other atom with its bond (one atom does it all one does not)
What is electronegativity?
is a measure of the relative attraction that an atom has for the shared electrons in a bond
What does a polar bond have more of if it is more positive?
More pull (pulling in the atom closer to it not getting pulled to the other atom)
How does the electronegativity increase across the periodic table?
Left to right (left has lower electronegativity and gets stronger as you go to the right)
Bottom to top of the rows (the more bottom the less electronegativity as you go up to the top it has more electronegativity)
How can two atoms have a greater/ higher polar bond than others?
The greater difference between electronegativity the greater polar bond
If molecules with covalent bonds are in a straight line and are symmetrical are they considered polar bonds?
No they are not polar the cancel each other out
If molecules with covalent bonds are angled in anyway and not symmetrical are they considered polar bonds?
yes they are polar bonds
Which of the following molecular compounds would have a Lewis structure that contains 10 electron dots?
HCN
H2O
NH3
CO2
HCN
The total number of nonbonding electron pairs present in the Lewis structure of SiH4 is
0
2
4
1
0
Which of the following sets of elements is arranged in order of decreasing electronegativity?
O, S, As
Cl, B, F
Br, Cl, P
Be, C, O
O, S, As
Electronegativity is a concept that is useful along with other concepts in
predicting the polarity of a bond
deciding how many electrons are involved in a bond
formulating a statement of the octet rule
determining the charge on a polyatomic ion
predicting the polarity of a bond
Which of the following is a molecular compound that contains five atoms per molecule?
germanium tetrabromide
dinitrogen monoxide
dinitrogen pentoxide
nitrogen diselenide
germanium tetrabromide
Coordinate covalent bonds differ from normal covalent bonds in that:
One atom supplies more electrons to the bond than the other atom.
The electrons of the bond move about in a coordinated pattern.
Atoms involved must always also possess nonbonding electron pairs.
More than one correct response.
No correct response.
One atom supplies more electrons to the bond than the other atom.
The number of “electron dots” in the Lewis formula for the compound HNO3 is 24.
True or False?
true
In the molecule N2 there are more bonding electron pairs than nonbonding electron pairs.
True or False?
true
The greater the electronegativity difference between two bonded atoms the greater the polarity of the bond between the two atoms.
True or False?
True
X-ray crystallography is used to determine the structure of proteins, but first one must grow crystals of the protein then collect diffraction data.
True or False
True
Which of the following is a polyatomic ion?
OH-
water
NaCl
Cl-
OH-
What is the correct chemical formula for the combination of ammonium(NH4+) and carbonate (CO32-) ions?
2(NH4)CO3
2NH4CO3
(NH4)2CO3
NH4CO3
(NH4)2CO3
The strongest bond is the ionic bond.
True or False
false
What is the correct formula for the combination of Al3+ and Cl-?
Al3Cl
Al2Cl3
AlCl3
none are correct
AlCl3
The smallest whole-number repeating ratio of ions present in an ionic compound that results in charge neutrality is
the formula unit
the molecular density
the ionic unit
the crystalline unit
the formula unit
Name the following compound CoCl2:
(hint: Cobalt is a variable charge metal)
cobalt (II) chloride
cobalt (I) chloride
cobalt (III) chloride
colorado (II) chloride
cobalt (II) chloride
What are the suffix’s used to name covalent compounds? (1-8)
1 mono
2 di
3 tri
4 tetra
5 penta
6 hexa
7 hepta
8 octa
Which atom has a larger electronegativity based on the amount of shells they have? Ba or Na?
Na because it only has 3 shells
How can you tell if an atom will have more electronegativity based on its shells?
the least shells = more electronegativity
How do you name binary molecular compounds?
the first atom has no subscript just sat it normal, but if it has a subscript then you have to use di, tri, tetra, etc. for the second atom you need to ALWAYS use mono, di, tri, or tetra to name the second atom.
(some examples N2O- dinitrogen monoxide, CO2- carbon dioxide)
