Exam 2 Flashcards
Formula for cardiac output (CO)
stroke volume x HR
What is systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
- force opposing flow
- radius of small arteries & arterioles
What is harder for the heart to pump?
- constricted arteries (high systemic resistance)
Formula for BP
cardiac output x systemic vascular resistance
What helps w/ cardiac output?
RAAS & renal system
What organ is angiotensin I converted to angiotensin II in?
the lungs
Range for ELEVATED BP
systolic: 120-129
diastolic: less than 80
Range for hypertension stage 1
systolic: 130-139
diastolic: 80–89
Range for hypertension stage 2
systolic: 140 or higher
What age are men more common in to developing hypertension
under 55
What age do females become more prone to developing hypertension (b/c of low estrogen)
55 +
What risk are men more prone to?
heart attacks than strokes
Health disparities in blacks if hypertension is left untreated?
- increase in organ damage
- increase in mortality
- less responsive to ACEI
- highest prevalence worldwide
- females more than males
Health disparities in Hispanics if hypertension is left untreated?
- decreased awareness
- less likely to receive treatment
- lower rates of control
Explain Primary Hypertension
- increase in BP w/ no identifiable cause
- “essential” or “idiopathic
- 90-95% of adult cases
