exam 2 Flashcards
Which of the following will lead to bone formation?
a. RANK-RANKL interaction
b. RANKL-OPG interaction
c. SOST signaling
RANKL-OPG interaction
Which of the following will lead to bone breakdown/reabsorption?
a. RANK-RANKL interaction
b. RANKL-OPG interaction
c. SOST signaling
RANK-RANKL or SOST
Osteocytes communicate with each other by dendritic projection that pass through the ___________
canaliculi
A drop in the blood glucose level is an example of a _____________ stimuli
humoral
A drop in the hormone level is an example of a _____________ stimuli
hormonal
A drop in the action potential or Na+/Ca2+ influx level is an example of a _____________ stimuli
neural
During appositional growth which cells are responsible for the increase in the diameter of the medullary cavity?
osteoclasts
If there is an epiphyseal line in the metaphysis, then what is the likely consequence of excess growth hormone
release?
acromegaly
If there is an epiphyseal plate in the metaphysis, then what is the likely consequence of excess growth hormone
release?
gigantism
Dysfunction in _________ will most likely permit the entry of pathogens and epidermal growth factors into the digestive tract:
tight junctions
What hormone released by bones helps to regulate the phosphate levels in the body?
FGF23
Which of the following regions can influence sexual development?
zona reticularis
Calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D is produced in the ____________
kidney
Which of the following sensory receptors are responsive to light pressure?
a. Free nerve endings
b. Pacinian corpuscles
c. Meissner’s corpuscles
d. Ruffini corpuscles
Meissner’s corpuscles
Which of the following sensory receptors are responsive to stretch, deformation within joints, and thermal regulations?
a. Free nerve endings
b. Pacinian corpuscles
c. Meissner’s corpuscles
d. Ruffini corpuscles
ruffini corpuscles
Which of the following sensory receptors are responsive to pressure?
a. Free nerve endings
b. Pacinian corpuscles
c. Meissner’s corpuscles
d. Ruffini corpuscles
Pacinian corpsucles
Which of the following sensory receptors are responsive to pain?
a. Free nerve endings
b. Pacinian corpuscles
c. Meissner’s corpuscles
d. Ruffini corpuscles
free nerve endings
Which of the following is not a characteristic of epithelial cells?
a. Cellular polarity
b. Presence of blood vessels
c. lines the external surfaces
d. Presence of cell junctions
presence of blood vessels
Acne affects young adults because of which of the following?
a. Normal desquamation
b. A diet of low glycemic foods
c. Increased sebum production
d. All of the above
increased sebum production
Mutations in stratum _______________ can increase the risk of squamous cell carcinoma
granulosum
Mutations in stratum _______________ can increase the risk of dead cells
lucidum
Mutations in stratum _______________ can increase the risk of basal cell carcinoma/melanoma
basale
