Exam 2 Flashcards
True or false: all animals have 4 chambered hearts
false
in which phase would the AV valve be CLOSED, and the semilunar valves be OPEN?
A). atrial and ventricular diastole
B). atrial systole, ventricular diastole
C). ventricular systole, atrial diastole
B). atrial systole, ventricular diastole
Left vs right heart sound and timing
reason for (no) difference?
left: same
right: same
reason: it is the same heart and each beat effects both sides
Left vs right heart stroke volume
reason for (no) difference?
left: same
right: same
reason: same volumes in both sides of heart
Left vs right heart peak ventricular systolic pressure
reason for (no) difference?
left: higher than right
right: lower than left
reason: the left has higher pressure in general
Left vs right heart pulse pressure
reason for (no) difference?
left: BLANK
right: BLANK
reason: BLANK
Left vs right heart aortic vs pulmonary pressure
reason for (no) difference?
left: (aortic) higher pressure
right: (pulmonary) lower pressure
reason: BLANK
Left vs right heart when the AV valve is closed
reason for (no) difference?
left: BLANK
right: BLANK
reason: BLANK
Left vs right heart timing of electrical events
reason for (no) difference?
left: same
right: same
reason: same heart = same timing
You are a red blood cell being swept along in the blood; the partial pressure of oxygen is 40mm Hg and CO2 is 46mm Hg. you are in the heart when suddenly you hear a door slam behind you, where are you?
the right ventricle
How is blood flow regulated in: muscle
how much does it change during exercise?
local control
x10 increase
How is blood flow regulated in: heart
how much does it change during exercise?
local control
x3 increase
How is blood flow regulated in: brain
how much does it change during exercise?
local control
no change
How is blood flow regulated in: kidney
how much does it change during exercise?
hormonal and nerve control
x0.5 increase
Vessels with the highest blood pressure?
A). Systemic arterioles
B). systemic arteries
C). systemic veins
D). capillaries
E). pulmonary veins
B). systemic arteries
vessels carrying blood with the lowest pO2?
A). Systemic arterioles
B). systemic arteries
C). systemic veins
D). capillaries
E). pulmonary veins
C). systemic veins
where most exchange of nutrients occurs?
A). Systemic arterioles
B). systemic arteries
C). systemic veins
D). capillaries
E). pulmonary veins
D). capillaries
primary resistance vessels?
A). Systemic arterioles
B). systemic arteries
C). systemic veins
D). capillaries
E). pulmonary veins
A). Systemic arterioles
if all neural input into the heart was removed what will happen?
increase in heart rate
calculate cardiac output in a woman with mean arterial pressure of 85mm Hg, stroke volume of 75mL/beat, flow velocity of 500mm/sec, heart rate of 70 beats/min
5.25L/min
work: (70beat/min * 75mL/beat)/1000L/mL = 5.25L/min
osmotic pressure in the arterial and venous end of the capillary
same for both
blood pressure in the arterial and venous end of the capillary
arteriole: higher than osmotic
venous: lower than osmotic
total pressure and direction of flow in the arterial and venous end of the capillary
arteriole: 11mmHg out of cap
venous: 9mmHg into cap
the problem of insufficient surface area to volume ratio in mammals is primarily resolved by:
A). increasing speed of diffusion
B). increasing surface area in specific organ systems
C). regulating surface area by the nervous system
B). increasing surface area in specific organ systems