Exam 1 Flashcards
sound travels as waves that are detected by _________ receptors. The vibration created by the sound waves are transferred to the _______ membrane which is attached to the _______.
Mechanoreceptors, tympanic membrane, BLANK
context: sound traveling in the ear
The _______ attached to the ______ window, which is the entrance to the fluid filled ________. The ________ is the organ for hearing and is located within the ________ membrane, located within the cochlea.
ossicles, oval, BLANK, olithi, basilar,
Context: sound traveling in the ear
_______ cells contain ______receptors which translate cochlear fluid vibrations into action potentials. these cells upon bending towards the tallest member release ______, causing depolarization and opening ______ voltage gated channels, which trigger the release of _____, causing an action potential.
BLANK, Mechanoreceptors, BLANK, BLANK, BLANK
during the stress response _______ is secreted from the hypothalamus to stimulate secretions of ACTH in the ____ pituitary.
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), anterior
during stress response ACTH acts to stimulate the secretion of _______ from the ______ ________ of the adrenal _______ ro regulate metabolism via a _____ receptor.
cortisol, BLANK, BLANK, BLANK, BLANK
a stressor can cause the hypothalamus to stimulate the _______ nervous system, which stimulates the adrenal ________ to secrete _________ and ________.
sympathetic, medulla, epinephrine, norepinephrine
during stress response epinephrine and norepinephrine are ________ and act via _______ receptors. stress can cause increased _________ releases from the ________ pituitary, which controls blood flow.
BLANK, BLANK, BLANK, BLANK,
what happens to the pupil under red light conditions?
BLANK
what happens to the photoreceptors under red light conditions?
BLANK
what happens to the disc of the rod in the eye under red light conditions?
BLANK
what happens to the Cones in the eye under red light conditions?
BLANK
what happens to the retina under red light conditions?
BLANK
calculate normal equilibrium potential for potassium.
BLANK
calculate equilibrium potential for potassium if extracellular potassium were to be increased to 40mM
BLANK
what normally determines membrane potential?
BLANK
True or false: myelin slows the speed of transmission in an axon
false
True or false: acetlycholine can bind to more than one type of receptor and cause different actions on different cells
true
True or false: integrating neurons are more abundant than motor neurons
true
True or false: during the peak of the action potential the concentration of sodium inside the cell is much greater than the concentration of sodium outside the cell
false
True or false: during the peak of the action potential the concentration of potassium inside the cell is much greater than the concentration outside the cell
true
True or false: equilibrium potential is larger for potassium than sodium during the peak of action potential
false
True or false: the hypothalamus is a major regulator of muscle activity
true
Function and location of: somatosensory cortex
function: responds to pain and touch
location: BLANK
Function and location of: occipital lobe
function: innervates and processes visual input
location: BLANK
Function and location of: premotor cortex
function: planning of movement and complex planning
location: BLANK
Function and location of: prefrontal association cortex
function: speech recognition and language
location: BLANK
Function and location of: temporal lobe
function: BLANK
location: BLANK
Describe the regulation of the heart beat and heart contractility by the autonomic nervous system under resting conditions and during intense exercise. (be specific as to signalling molecules, receptores, changes during exercise)
PARAGRAPH ANSWER
Draw 2 Neurons, pre and post synaptic. label key functional parts.
can’t add pictures without paying. just google images I guess
Draw the electrical changes in a neuron during an action potential
google images I guess
describe changes of action potential and explain what happens to Na and K permeability at each phase of action potential. explain what causes these changes
