Exam 2

Question 1

most common DNA is early years

Answer 1

semen and white blood cells

Question 2

telogenic hairs

Answer 2

shed hair, no follicle present

Question 3

reference sample

Answer 3

choose type of sample and collect under ideal conditions, buccal swab

Question 4

chain of custody

Answer 4

keeps track of where sample is and who had the sample at all times

Question 5

mixture

Answer 5

sample containing more than one type of sample, natural

Question 6

contamination

Answer 6

sample that shouldnt be there due to human error from investigators, accidental

Question 7

presumptive tests

Answer 7

use antibodies and chemicals to determine sample type, blood versus semen versus saliva

Question 8

mRNA

Answer 8

messenger RNA that is less stable than DNA

Question 9

aerosol barrier tips

Answer 9

used on micropiptees to prevent sample from contaminating the pipette and future sampels

Question 10

nuclease inhibitors

Answer 10

EDTA and Mg++
proteinase K
DTT
chaotropic agents

Question 11

proteinase k

Answer 11

digests keritan

Question 12

DTT

Answer 12

breaks di-sulfide bridges

Question 13

chaotropic agents

Answer 13

reduce h bonds

Question 14

organic method

Answer 14

origional method, RFLP, need high quantity DNA, yiels dsDNA

Question 15

denaturing agents in organic method

Answer 15

phenol
chlorophorm

Question 16

concentrate aqueous in organic method

Answer 16

ethonal precipitation
concentrating column

Question 17

chelex method

Answer 17

uses chealating resin to remove magnesium, yeilds ssDNA

Question 18

FTA paper method

Answer 18

stable for years, cannot quantify DNA, static jumping

Question 19

what do chatoropic agents do

Answer 19

strongly denature

Question 20

DNA IQ adds

Answer 20

paramegnetic resin to bind DNA

Question 21

differential extraction works because

Answer 21

sperm doesn’t lyse in absence of reducting agent, remove supernatant

Question 22

alternatice cell differentiation methods

Answer 22

microfluidic systems
laser dissection

Question 23

why use Y STR

Answer 23

unfavorable ratio

Question 24

type pcr inhibitors

Answer 24

heme
indigo
humic acids-soil
melanin

Question 25

abiological DNA degredation

Answer 25

hydrolitic base removal for ss nick in backbone light to make thymine dimers

Question 26

old methods for DNA quantification

Answer 26

spectrometry gel electrophoresis w/ standards

Question 27

slot blott

Answer 27

binds DNA to nylon

Question 28

end point PCR

Answer 28

one locus, all or nothing, measures at end

Question 29

qPCR

Answer 29

measure every cycle set threshold based on exponential phase

Question 30

NIST

Answer 30

national institute of standards and technology

Question 31

mg, mili

Answer 31

10-3

Question 32

micro

Answer 32

10-6

Question 33

nano, ng

Answer 33

10-9

Question 34

pico, pg

Answer 34

10-12