Exam 2 Flashcards
Absence seizures
a generalized onset seizure, brief, sudden lapses in attention
Acetylcholine
neurotransmitter, that plays a vital role in the central and peripheral nervous system
ADH
helps to control blood pressure by acting on the kidneys and the blood vessels
Akathesia
an inability to remain still
Analgesics
acting to relieve pain
Anticonvulsant
A type of drug that is used to prevent or treat seizures or convulsions by controlling abnormal electrical activity in the brain
Antiepileptic
A type of drug that is used to prevent or treat seizures or convulsions by controlling abnormal electrical activity in the brain
Antipyresis
The reduction of fever
Anuria
failure of the kidneys to produce urine
Anxiolytic
used to reduce anxiety
Balanced anesthesia
the administration of different drugs together to create the anesthetic state
Barbiturates
derived from barbituric acid. They are effective when used medically as anxiolytics, hypnotics, and anticonvulsants.
Basal ganglia
a group of structures near the center of your brain that form important connections
Benzodiazepines
to treat severe anxiety or severe insomnia
Cannabinoid
A type of chemical in marijuana that causes drug-like effects in the central nervous system and the immune system
Carbidopa
given to people with Parkinson’s disease in order to inhibit peripheral metabolism of levodopa
Chemoreceptor trigger zone
an area of the medulla oblongata that receives inputs from blood-borne drugs or hormones, and communicates with other structures in the vomiting center to initiate vomiting
Codeine
opiate and prodrug of morphine mainly used to treat pain, coughing, and diarrhea
Cox inhibitor
Cox-2 inhibitor
Dependency
Depression
Designer drugs
Dextromethorphan
Dissociative anesthesia
Dopamine
Dysphoria
a state of unease or generalized dissatisfaction with life
Emesis
vomiting
Endorphins
any of a group of hormones secreted within the brain and nervous system and having a number of physiological functions
Epilepsy
A disorder in which nerve cell activity in the brain is disturbed, causing seizures
Expectorant
a type of cough medicine used to help clear mucus (phlegm) from your airway
Extrapyramidal
symptoms/syndrome
GABA
General anesthesia
Hallucinogen
Hashish
Hyperpolarized
Hypoxia
low levels of oxygen in your body tissues
MAC
minimum alveolar concentration that changes the amount of anesthetic required, the higher MAC the more anesthetic
MAO
enzyme that breaks down neurotransmitters
MAOIs
treat depression by preventing the breakdown of the brain chemicals serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine by inhibiting MAO
Monoamines
neurotransmitters that include serotonin and the catecholamines dopamine, adrenaline, and noradrenaline
Neurosis
a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease, involving symptoms of stress
Nitrous oxide
a colorless gas that is commonly used for sedation and pain relief
Nociceptor
pain receptor
NREM sleep
plays an important role in helping the body repair tissues, build bone and muscle, and strengthen its immune system
NSAID
work like corticosteroids without many of the side effects of steroids
Oligouria
urinary output less than 400 ml per day or less than 20 ml per hour and is one of the earliest signs of impaired renal function
PONV
nausea and/or vomiting or retching in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) or in the immediate 24 postoperative hours
Psychomotor stimulant
Psychosis
Psychotomimetic
REM sleep
plays an important role in dreaming, memory, emotional processing, and healthy brain development
Salicylism
A toxic condition induced by excessive intake of salicylates, marked by ringing in the ears, nausea, and vomiting
Seizure
sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain
SSRIs
Inhibit the reuptake of serotonin, a common antidepressant
Status epilepticus
A seizure that lasts longer than 5 minutes
Synesthesia
when you hear music, but you see shapes
TCAs
antidepressants that increase levels of norepinephrine and serotonin, and block the action of acetylcholine
THC
the principal psychoactive constituent of cannabis that incites euphoria
Therapeutic index
the range of doses at which a medication is effective without unacceptable adverse events
Tonic-clonic seizures
involves a loss of consciousness and violent muscle contractions
Vasomotor center
central regulation of cardiac electrical activity, myocardial performance, and peripheral vascular tone
