exam 2

Question 1

isa in the quran
the “messiah”
“son of mary”
not the son of God
human messenger – not divine
does perform miracles – heals, can bring someone back from dead but does not walk on water
was not killed or crucified, god raised him up to himself
some muslims and some hadiths do believe in the return

Answer 1

jesus

Question 2

most often mentioned woman in the quran
gives the virgin birth
is jesus’ mother

Answer 2

mary/maryam

Question 3

muslim spain

Answer 3

al-andalus

Question 4

umayyad counter-caliphate
“golden era”
claims to be caliph
al-andalus

Answer 4

abd al-rahman III

Question 5

11th and 12th centuries CE
12th and 13th centuries CE
one replaced the other
al-andalus

Answer 5

almoravids
almohads
almohads replaced the almoravids

Question 6

the fatimid ruler al-hakim burns the church of the holy sepulchre, and the seljuqs (turkic muslims) take over jerusalem
the byzantine christians request assistance from christians in western europe

Answer 6

the crusades

Question 7

person who initiated the first crusade (reclaiming the holy land)

Answer 7

pope urban II

Question 8

reclaimed jerusalem in 1187 CE following the battle of hittin
the ayyubid dynasty (12th & 13th centuries CE)
a model of chivalry in europe (christians love him)
the crusades

Answer 8

salah al-din al-ayyubi

Question 9

mamluk leader
aggressive approach
mamluk dynasty (slave soldiers.. slaves to sultan)
the crusades

Answer 9

baybars

Question 10

slave soldiers
or slave dynasty

Answer 10

mamluks

Question 11

most famous story of all stories
protagonist: shahrezade
eventually includes aladdin, ali baba

Answer 11

1001 (arabian) nights

Question 12

woman who stops husband from killing her by telling stories

Answer 12

shahrezade

Question 13

bayt al-hikma
translation and preservation of greek, indian, and persian works
advancements in various sciences (also unique contributions)
said to have had been a library and academy
has muslims, jews, christians coming to read and learn

Answer 13

house of wisdom

Question 14

advancements of house of wisdom

Answer 14

mathematics
astronomy
geography and cartography
sociology
medicine

Question 15

geography and cartography advancements
not a geographer or a cartographer
author of the rihla
famous world traveler
documents his findings

Answer 15

ibn battuta

Question 16

sociology advancements
“father of sociology”
author of famous book the Muqaddima (intro)
intro lays out how humans evolve and how empires rise and fall

Answer 16

ibn khaldun

Question 17

medicine advancement (biggest contribution)
author of al-qanun (the canon/voluminous book)
medical reference book used for centuries in europe and middle east
hospitals, anatomy, optics

Answer 17

ibn sina (avicenna)

Question 18

“peace”
derived from arabic word musalaha, meaning reconciliation
friendly settlement
dispute resolution in arab world

Answer 18

sulh

Question 19

initiates mongol spread

Answer 19

genghis khan

Question 20

middle east mongol invasion

Answer 20

hulego khan

Question 21

mamluk muslims vs mongols
significant battle
stops spread on mongols
marks the end of arab dominance

Answer 21

battle of ayn jalut in the fertile crescent

Question 22

first muslim mongol dynasty
begins as mongol non-muslim dynasty becomes muslim mongols

Answer 22

ilkhanid dynasty

Question 23

founder of ottoman empire in anatolia

Answer 23

osman I

Question 24

“the conquerer”
conquers constantinople

Answer 24

mehmet II

Question 25

"the magnificent" conquerer and lawgiver

Answer 25

suleiman I

Question 26

lead young turk nationalist take over.. end of ottoman rule

Answer 26

ataturk

Question 27

first safavid shah (king) claimed to represent the hidden imam

Answer 27

isma'il

Question 28

"the great" safavid rule made isfahan the safavid capital ("the most beautiful city in the world")

Answer 28

abbas I

Question 29

safavid capital "the most beautiful city in the world"

Answer 29

isfahan

Question 30

ruled over much of indian subcontinent known for its wealth and architectural features (the taj mahal) related to mongols ruled over a large hindu population

Answer 30

moghuls

Question 31

founder of the moghuls

Answer 31

babur

Question 32

"the great" ruler of moghul empire favorable attitude toward hindus established din-iliahi "religion of god"

Answer 32

akbar

Question 33

later ruler of the moghuls opposed to hindus sometimes presented in negative light known as a devout muslim

Answer 33

aurangzeb

Question 34

famous/wealthy ruler of mali famous pilgrimage (hajj) to mecca

Answer 34

mansa musa

Question 35

reformers/revivalists three major waves

Answer 35

mujaddids

Question 36

led the first wave of mujaddid established "wahhabism" alliance with muhammad ibn saud

Answer 36

muhammad ibn 'abd al-wahhab

Question 37

"wahhabi" doctrines would be promoted in the kingdom of saudi arabia anti-shi'i, anti-mystical sufism first wave of mujaddid

Answer 37

muhammad ibn saud

Question 38

characterized by a desire for: (a) reform of islamic thought (ijtihad), and (b) an intellectual, scientific, political, moral, and cultural renaissance advocated for a revival of ijtihad emphasized the role of reason and science begins as a liberal movement second wave of mujaddid

Answer 38

(modern) salafis

Question 39

biggest figure of salafi movement grand imam of al-azhar in cairo second wave of majuddid

Answer 39

muhammad 'abduh

Question 40

a conservative salafi movement under rida second wave of mujaddid

Answer 40

muhammad rashid rida

Question 41

abduh and rida newspaper spread ideas together second wave of mujaddid

Answer 41

al-manar periodical

Question 42

shared same views as the modern egyptian salafis (ijtihad and renaissance) accepted british rule as an identity second wave of mujaddid

Answer 42

sir sayyid ahmad khan

Question 43

poet-philosopher and politician second wave of mujaddid

Answer 43

muhammad iqbal

Question 44

islam as a political ideology (not just a religion) third wave of mujaddid

Answer 44

islamism

Question 45

established by hasan al-banna ideas taken further by sayyid qutb third wave of mujaddid (egypt)

Answer 45

the muslim brotherhood

Question 46

founder of the muslim brotherhood third wave of mujaddid

Answer 46

hasan al-banna

Question 47

author of milestones took the muslim brotherhood ideas further third wave of mujaddid

Answer 47

sayyid qubt

Question 48

established in 1941 by mawlana abul ala mawdudi indian subcontinent third wave of mujaddid

Answer 48

the islamic society

Question 49

established the islamic society a journalist who becomes influential third wave of mujaddid

Answer 49

mawlana abul ala mawdudi

Question 50

"the clash of civilizations" and the clash of civilizations and the remaking of world order clash of US and muslim world

Answer 50

samuel huntington

Question 51

a struggle or exertion of effort for what it perceived to be a noble cause used for armed struggle

Answer 51

jihad

Question 52

an act of violence "in a non battlefield context” that: a. causes fear and b. leaves people hopeless and unable to seek safety motives are generally irrelevant punished with execution

Answer 52

hiraba

Question 53

religion and politics "near enemy" (saudi government)/ "far enemy" (those who support saudi government) calls for defensive jihad (has list of issues for US, some muslims agree) problematic justifications for 9/11 terrorist

Answer 53

osama bin laden

Question 54

a niche in the wall faces mecca - person leading prayer faces it (facing qibla)

Answer 54

mihrab

Question 55

a pulpit stand on when giving a sermon common in larger mosques

Answer 55

minbar

Question 56

if we interpret the text properly, we will arrive at a solution

Answer 56

textualists

Question 57

need to consider the context evaluate the change

Answer 57

contextualists

Question 58

bilqis; a woman leader presented positively in the quran

Answer 58

queen of sheba

Question 59

in islamic law: joint sexual responsibilities and men's financial responsibility > modern debates

Answer 59

marriage

Question 60

permitted, but often (not always) discouraged both spouses do not have to consent

Answer 60

divorce

Question 61

veils that covers hair and neck

Answer 61

hijabs (khimars)

Question 62

cover bottom half of face

Answer 62

niqabs

Question 63

covers everything

Answer 63

burqas

Question 64

forcedly brought to america -- could not practice faith openly first major movement of muslims to america

Answer 64

enslaved africans

Question 65

discovers islam in the philippines starts a mosque in new york conversion

Answer 65

alexander russel webb

Question 66

many peddlers one of the earliest known communal prayers: Ross, North Dakota

Answer 66

first wave of immigration

Question 67

Dearborn, Michigan "Mother Mosque" Cedar Rapids, Iowa > established in 1934

Answer 67

second wave of immigration

Question 68

after WWII politics

Answer 68

third wave of immigration

Question 69

beginning in 1965 immigration and nationality act > opens the door for many immigrants many "white" and "blue collar" workers from various parts of the world

Answer 69

fourth wave of immigration largest wave

Question 70

cedar rapids, iowa established in 1934 oldest surviving purpose built mosque

Answer 70

"mother mosque"

Question 71

taught that muslims were stripped of their religion and need to take it back

Answer 71

nation of islam

Question 72

founder of the nation of islam

Answer 72

wallace d. fard

Question 73

man with controversial teachings 1. white man is the devil 2. wallace ford was God in human ford 3. believed he was a messenger of God, but not a prophet

Answer 73

the honorable elijah muhammad

Question 74

the autobiography of ... most significant/influential book malcolm little "detroit red" -- known as prison for theft, drug dealing, etc -- reforms himself in prison nation of islam -- minister national prominence the pilgrimage (hajj) changed name to El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz malcolm and martin -- met once, children are friends assassination in 1965 most members of nation of islam beome sunni after he passes

Answer 74

malcom x

Question 75

agriculture to industrial to business service historically, oil and gas sector, NASA, texas medical center mainstays of economy decentralized, racialized, classed urban development

Answer 75

houston's economy

Question 76

establishment of umbrella organizations founders: mostly immigrants, the organizations wold evolve

Answer 76

MSA and ISNA (largest N. american muslim organization)

Question 77

could muslims be president? parents and grandparents are muslims but he was not

Answer 77

barack obama

Question 78

moves to ban muslims from entering the US (2016)

Answer 78

donald trump

Question 79

arab-christian the evolution of image real life terrorism, the muslim villain, and the issue of proportionality

Answer 79

jack shaheen

Question 80

prominent syrian film maker producer of halloween movie series made film about prophet muhammad called the Message

Answer 80

moustapha akkad