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bio 1000 > exam 2 > Flashcards

exam 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

the 4 types of tissue are…

A

epithelial, connective, nervous, and muscle

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2
Q

epithelial tissue function

A

protects body and controls entry/exit of substances, barrier from the outside world

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3
Q

simple epithelium

A

One cell layer tissue

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4
Q

Stratified epithelium

A

More than one layer of cells In the tissue

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5
Q

cuboidal epithelial tissue

A

round square, kidney lining

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6
Q

squamous tissue

A

flat squares, lining of lungs

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7
Q

columnar tissue

A

long sardine vibe, small intestine and trachea lining

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8
Q

connective tissue function

A

binds and supports other tissues

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9
Q

macrophages (tissue cells)

A

ameoba housekeeper type beat, move around engulfinf bacteria, viruses, etc.

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10
Q

adipose tissue function

A

stores fat cells (adipocytes) and protect organs, maintain heat

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11
Q

Dense fibrous connective tissue (2 types)

A

Tendons join muscle to bone
ligaments join bone bone

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12
Q

Cartilage cell type

A

chondrocytes

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13
Q

cartilage makes____ in the ____

A

collagen fibers and chondrin in the extracellular matrix

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14
Q

plasma is

A

the matrix of blood

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15
Q

erthrocytes

A

red blood cells, carry O²

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16
Q

leukocytes

A

white blood cells, immune system

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17
Q

platelets

A

allow blood clotting

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18
Q

skeletal muscle

A

voluntary control, allows movement

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19
Q

cardiac muscle

A

involuntary control, pumps blood

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20
Q

smooth muscle

A

involuntary control
digestive system, organs, blood vessels
controls blood flow/BP

21
Q

nerve tissue cells

A

neurons carry info through electric impulses

22
Q

integumentary system

A

skin and skin functions

23
Q

peristalis

A

rythmic waves of smooth muscles contracting (move food down esophagus)

24
Q

sphincters

A

Ring like muscular valves that are found between compartments of the tract
Sphincter’s contract, Compartments close off

25
Q

Is secretions by the liver are stored in

A

The gall bladder

26
Q

Mechanical digestion

A

Physically breaking down food

27
Q

Chemical digestion

A

Breaking down Food using enzymes

28
Q

pharynx Structure

A

The throat
larynx voicebox
trachea windpipe

29
Q

pharynx function

A

Prevents food from entering the lungs using the epiglottis

30
Q

Gastric juice

A

Acid in the stomach contains hydrochloric acid
PH is 2

31
Q

protease

A

Enzyme that breaks protein down into smaller pieces

32
Q

Acid chyme

A

Liquid from the stomach during digestion is passed into the small intestine

33
Q

Small intestine, 3 parts

A

Duodenum
jejenum
ileum

34
Q

The pancreas secrets

A

Hydrolytic enzymes and biocarbonate

35
Q

Bile

A

Stored in gallbladder secreted into small intestine to aid fat digestion

36
Q

Starch is broken down into

A

maltose

37
Q

disaccharidase enzyme

A

disaccharides broken down into monosaccharides

38
Q

emulsification

A

making things soluable
ex fat and water

39
Q

fat is hydroyzed by the enzyme

A

lipase

40
Q

carb substrates to products
starch ->
maltose ->
sucrose ->
lactose ->

A

starch -> maltose
maltose -> 2 glucose
sucrose -> glucose fructose
lactose -> glucose galactose

41
Q

substrates to products
protien
fats
dna rna

A

substrates to products
protien ->amino acids
lipids ->faty acids monoglycerides
nucleic acids /dna rna -> nucleotides

42
Q

absorption cells and how nutrients are collected

A

epithelial cells in the microvillus carry nutrients to the bloodstream through capillaries and collect in the hepatic portal vein to carry to the liver

43
Q

cellulose is a polymer of

A

glucose

44
Q

closed circulatory system

A

blood never leaves system

45
Q

open circulatory system

A

not as efficient, insect use tracheal system to help

46
Q

all exchange of nutrients to blood occur in

A

capallaries

47
Q

arteries carry blood ___ from heart

A

away

48
Q

veins carry blood ___ to heatt

A

back

bio 1000 (3 decks)

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