Exam 2 Flashcards
what are the 6 obligations of PH?
- prevent epidemics + spread of disease
- prevent injuries
- protect against enviro hazards
- respond to disasters + assist with recovery
- promote healthy behaviors
- assure quality + accessibility of healthcare
what is the largest minority pop?
hispanics
re: local function of public health, who determines where the funds go within the county ?
county commissioners
core fxns of public health
- assessment
- policy development
- assurance
assessment, policy development or assurance:
Diagnose + investigate health problems/hazards
assessment
assessment, policy development or assurance:
Mobilize community partnerships to identify + solve health problems
assessment
assessment, policy development or assurance:
Link ppl to needed health services
assessment
assessment, policy development or assurance:
Use EBP for new insights + innovative solutions to health problems
assessment
assessment, policy development or assurance:
Inform, educate + empower communities about health issues
policy development
assessment, policy development or assurance:
Develop policies + plans using EBP that support individual and community health efforts
policy development
assessment, policy development or assurance:
Monitor health status to identify community health problems
assurance
assessment, policy development or assurance:
Enforce laws + regulations that protect health and ensure safety
assurance
assessment, policy development or assurance:
Ensure provision of health care
assurance
assessment, policy development or assurance:
Ensure a competent public health + personal health care workforce
assurance
assessment, policy development or assurance:
Use EBP to evaluate effectiveness, accessibility + quality of services
assurance
the goal of ________ was this:
improve quality + lowering healthcare costs, access to healthcare, and new consumer protections
ACA
care, coverage, cost
spending more than any other country on healthcare but no improvements in health, indicate what?
WE. NEED. HEALTHCARE. REFORM.
this aimed to protect people with preexisting conditions and focused on preventative care
ACA
the intervention wheel shows which 3 things?
- 17 interventions
- population focused (on all levels)
- the 3 different levels of practice (individual, community, systems)
re: intervention wheel, case finding is only on what level?
individual
re: intervention wheel, what is the overall theme of red?
surveillance + investigation
re: intervention wheel, what is the overall theme of orange?
collective action - building + collaborating!
does building occur at an individual level?
NOPE
coalition building + collaboration often occurs at which level?
community + systems
re: intervention wheel, what is the overall theme of green?
case management + referral
“green means go… you’re all set up and good to go”
re: intervention wheel, what is the overall theme of blue?
counseling + consultation
re: intervention wheel, what is the overall theme of yellow?
advocacy + marketing
what is this process referring to?
Identify needs → clarify problems → identify strengths → identify health resources
community assessment
community assessment follows which process? what are the components?
ADPIE
assessment diagnosis planning intervention evaluation
definition of ______:
A social network of interacting individuals, usually concentrated in a defined territory
community
Assessing the health status of the populations that comprise the community
community assessment
name some data collection methods
which is most expensive?
key informants surveys *most expensive according to book* focus groups interviews windshield surveys secondary analysis community forum participant observation
what kind of data collection method would this be an example of?
reviewing past documents of minutes (notes taken on a meeting)
secondary analysis
reviewing information/data already collected
what happens first with community health program planning ?
define the client (community - place, ppl, fxn)
re: community health program planning, what are the data collection steps?
- gather
- develop
- interpret
- analyze
re: community health program planning, what phase of the nursing process is this:
define the problem
diagnosis
re: community health program planning, what phase of the nursing process is this:
prioritize, establish goals + objectives, develop interventions
planning
with community health program planning, why do we create objectives?
to evaluate effectiveness
did we tackle the problem?
components of SMART (for objectives)
S: specific M: measurable A: attainable R: realistic T: time frame
before starting community health program planning, you should perform a ______ ________
needs assessment
(1st determine what the community needs)
Ex: rise in teen pregnancy → develop program to educate teens on safe sex practices, BC, etc
before implementing a new program, you should assess what?
READINESS
is everyone on board? are they all invested? if so, success is much more likely!
what is radon?
basement gas –> linkage to lung cancer
what impact does mercury have on developing fetus and young child?
slows development of nervous system
what are VOC? where are they usually found?
volatile organic chemicals (odorless chemicals that are an environmental hazard)
furniture, paint, wood flooring
SE of VOC (3)
- CNS
- eye/nose/throat irritation
- kidney + liver damage
re: enviro health assessment, what are the components of IPREPARE?
Investigate potential exposures Present work Residence Enviro concern Past work Activities Referrals + Resources Educate
why do we perform an enviro health assessment?
identify current + past exposure
short term goal of enviro health assessment?
reduce or eliminate exposure
long term goal of enviro health assessment?
reduce adverse effects
what are the 3 essential case management skills?
- advocacy
- collaboration
- conflict management
the idea that a given stressor may have a greater psychological impact on individuals with certain demographic characteristics
Differential vulnerability hypothesis
PREVENTABLE circumstances r/t individuals’ health status based on social factors
health disparities
type of poverty:
legal definition; used to develop eligibility criteria
administrative
type of poverty:
sudden often due to a crisis (such as losing job or eviction from house)
acute/crisis
type of poverty:
persists over years; individuals + families who remain poor for long periods of time → pass poverty on to their descendants
persistent/chronic/generational
type of poverty:
lack of food, shelter + clothing
absolute
type of poverty:
less than average resources; difficulty making ends meet
relative (near poor)
type of poverty:
geographically defined areas of high poverty
neighborhood
1 contribution to death and disability with houseless folks is what?
trauma (GSW, stabbing, other injuries, etc)
health risks of Native americans (Cherokee) - (3)
- SUD
- domestic violence
- T2DM
health risks of migrant farm workers (2)
- pesticides
2. infectious disease
health risks of ranchers/farmers (2)
- enviro hazards
2. pesticides
health risks of black population (3)
- HTN
- DM
- infectious disease
health risks of native alaskans (3)
- dental caries
- depression
- infectious disease
health risks of coal miners
- depression
- SUD
- trauma/injury
list some barriers to healthcare in rural populations (4)
- lack of providers (HPSA)
- transportation
- limited internet access or service
- limited technological skills
