Exam 2 Flashcards
critical information should attract attention by using contrast, color, flashing or using auditory cues
Salience compatibility
It costs time and effort to “move” selective attention from one display location to another to access information. Keep frequently accessed sources in locations where the cost of traveling between them is small.
minimize information access cost
When two or more sources of information are related to the same task and must be mentally integrated to complete the task. Mental proximity should be reflected in their display proximity by (1) placing two sources that need to be integrated close to each other and (2) displaying them in common colors, (3) using common formats, (4)linking them in lines or (5) configuring them in a pattern.
Proximity compatibility
Use multiple resource theory to facilitate the processing of a lot of information. e.g. presenting some information visually and some information auditory can be less demanding than presenting it all visually or all auditory.
multiple resource theory
consider human visual and audio sensory issues
make display legible or audible
do not require people to judge level of a represented variable based on a single sensory variable such as color, size, or loudness
avoid absolute judgment limits
signals are perceived and interpreted based on operator past experience
support top down processing
when the viewing or listening is degraded, a message is more likely to be interpreted correctly when the same message is expressed more than once (e.i. present the same information using multiple physical forms)
exploit redundancy gain
similarity cues confusion
make discriminable
Replace memory with visual information and note require to retain important information solely in working memory or retrieve from long-term memory.
knowledge in the world
Human are not very good predicting the future due to working memory limitation. A good designed display should explicitly predict what will happen to support human performance.
provide predictive aiding
color coding should be consistent across a set of displays so that red always means that the same thing
be consistent
A display should look like (i.e. be a picture of) the variable
that it represents (e.g. we think of temperature as having high and low value, a
thermometer should be oriented vertically).
principle of pictorial realsim
he moving elements of any display of dynamic information
should move in a spatial pattern and direction that is compatible with user’s mental model of
how the represented element actually moves in physical system
principle of moving parts
