Exam #2 Flashcards
Physical Growth During Infancy (weight)
Newborn
7.5 lbs, 20 inches
Physical Growth During Infancy (weight)
1 year old
20 lbs, 30 inches
Physical Growth During Infancy (weight)
2 year old
30 lbs, 35 inches
Physical Growth During Infancy (weight)
6 year old
50-58 lbs, 45 + inches
Brain Development (% of adult brain) Birth 6 months 2.5 years 5 years 10 years
25% adult brain size 50% adult brain size 75% adult brain size 90% adult brain size 95% adult brain size
name the 6 infant states
Deep sleep - delta sleep Light sleep Drowsy Alert Inactivity Waking activity Crying
what scale measures the quality of the baby’s tone, activity level, and reflexes?
Brazelton scale
Infant reflex: head turns in direction of touch and infant open mouths for feeding
Rooting
Infant reflex: happens when something is placed in the hand, and they grasp the item and hold very well, almost enough to support their own weight
gripping/ grasping
Infant reflex: similar grasping but with the feet, happens when you stroke the inner or outer foot, inner sole being stroked means the baby will curl their toes, but if the outer sole is stroked the baby will spread toes
toe curling
Infant reflex: sudden noise or movement provokes the response; they will act very startled, open their eyes wide, throw their hands and arms into the air, throw legs out then cry; and then they will spread their toes
startle (moro)
Infant reflex: stroking of the infant’s lower back next to the spinal cord provokes the response: they will curve towards the direction of the touch and will often look like a fencer when doing so
galant
Infant reflex: large muscles, early - “motor milestones”
gross motor
“Schemes” or “Schema”
mental representations
(taking in the world and understanding the experiences you are having; change your schema in learning new things and changing how you understand the world thru accommodation)
Assimilation and Accommodation
understanding something time to look away from picture/object
Habituation
recognizing something new time to look at new picture/object
Dishabituation
Language Milestone: reflexive communication
Birth
Language Milestone: cooing, laughing, crying, squeals
2-6 months
Language Milestone: babbling (phonemes)
6-12 months
Language Milestone: 1st word (holophrases)
12 months
Language Milestone: 2 word sentences (telegraphic)
18-24 months
Language Milestone: rapid vocabulary growth
2-6 years
Too broad for the few things they know
Ex. once they learn “dog” - all animals become dog
overextension
Unsure to know what a child truly wants
When a kid learns the word juice and uses it, but they actually want milk
Underextension
parent having high pitch, excited convo with child
Parentese
List reasons why to read w/ child
Introduces the “world of words” It develops listening skills It develops vocabulary It models reading behaviors It does not take great skill, time or $ It draws the reader and listener together
Reflexive” Emotions: startle, disgust, physiological smile
Birth
“Social” Emotions: social smile
4-6 weeks -
Expectation” Emotions: anger, surprise, sadness
3-4 months
Personal” Emotions: stranger anxiety, shyness
5-8 months
Insecure-
Disorganized (5-20%)
Secure
Ambivalent (10-25%) - positive, anxious, clinging
Insecure-ambivelant
Avoidant (10-25%) - negative, indifferent, solitary
Insecure-Avoidant
Promoting secure attachment: All children have different needs and need different responses
goodness of fit
Promoting Secure Attachment: Children’s reactions mirror the reactions of those around them.. Determines how a kid feels about a situations off of those around them
Social Referencing
Promoting Secure Attachment: Emotions feed off child and parent (Ex. parent needing to leave room because of frustration that with how child is acting)
Reciprocal Socialization
arms & legs grow faster than trunk
Asynchronous Growth
protects axons, speeds transmission (process quicker)
Myelination of Neurons
determine if child uses left or right hand for what
Hemispheric Specialization
which is left/right
language and logic
spatial and intuitive
left,right
planning, impulsivity, perseveration
Frontal Lobe Development
(running, jumping, climbing, kicking, throwing, catching)
gross motor skills
using hands and fingers, very fine movements (coloring, drawing, writing, board games, typing)
fine motor skills
type of play behavior: exploring senses
Sensorimotor Play:
type of play behavior: Practicing new skills
Mastery Play:
type of play behavior: low activity, fine motor
Quiet Play:
