Exam 2 Flashcards
Platelet lifespan
9-10 days
HITT
PF4 released from plt binds to heparin, this is recognized as nonself, antibodies bind, link platelets together to form clots.
- DVTs, PEs
- 50% drop in plt, antibodies for heparin-pF4 complex
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
anitbodies recognize glycoprotein on platelet as nonself, destroy it–> hemorrhage
- normal bone marrow, no other explanation for thrombocytopenia
- may occur after infection (acute) and resolve in a couple months
- may be chronic (worse)
Post transfusion purpura
- pt develops antibodies against donor plt and own plt. (HPA-1A) human platelet antigen-1A.
- precipitous thrombocytopenia (<10,000)
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
cause thrombocytopenia, must correct htn
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia Purpura
Absence of protease responsible for breaking down vWF multimers–>abnormal presence of large amounts of vWF protein–>induce aggregation of platelets–>deplete platelets
-occlusion of microvasculature in the brain, kidney
At what age do blood antibodies develop
6 months
Kell system
Anti K antibodies cause severe hemolysis/hemolytic transfusion reactions in newborn
What is blood tested for when it is collected from the donor?
Syphilis, HIV, hep A and B, chagas disease, human T lymphotrophic virus
Cells and proteins of innate immune system
cells- neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, macrophages, natural killer cells
proteins- complement complex, lysozyme, basic polypeptides
Neutrophil funciton
phagocytosis, RONS, antimicrobial peptides
Macrophage function
phagocytosis, cytokine release, inflammatory mediators, complement proteins, RONS, antigen presentation
Dendritic cell function
Antigen presentation, costimulatory signals, RONS, interferon, cytokines
Natural killer cells
lysis of viral infected cells, interferon, macrophage activation
