exam

Question 1

three pillars of sustainability

Answer 1

-social
-economic
-environmental

Question 2

three pillars of sustainability
SOCIAL

Answer 2

-people - individuals and small/large groups, communities, societies, cultural groups, countries.
-how people are affected: their health, safety, living/working standards, cultural practices, laws and relationships.

e.g. ensuring people have fair and safe working conditions

Question 3

three pillars of sustainability
ECONOMIC

Answer 3

-money - the financial systems that keep the world functioning
-needs to make a profit to stay in business but not at the expense of workers pay or unfair business deals.

e.g. fair pay/wages

Question 4

three pillars of sustainability
ENVIRONMENTAL

Answer 4

-the world around us - the animals, plants, land, air, water, natural systems.
-consider how the air, soil, water, animals and plant life are impacted.

e.g. upcycling clothes
e.g. regeneration of forest

Question 5

concepts of fairness and equity underlie sustainability thinking

Answer 5

environmental sustainability:
-that animals and plants should continue to exist, that future generations should enjoy the natural environment that we enjoy, and that we should reduce the damage humans cause to natural systems.

social sustainability:
-that people should be treated fairly, that communities and societies should be allowed to continue and thrive, and that one group’s behaviour shouldn’t have a negative impact on the lives of others.

economic sustainability:
-that people should have access to economic opportunities, they should be treated fairly in financial terms (e.g. be paid fairly for their work), that the economic opportunities of certain groups of people shouldn’t be restricted or harmed by the activities of others.

Question 6

stage of the life cycle analysis
(LCA)

Answer 6

1. extracting and processing raw materials
2. manufacturing/manifacture
3. transport, distribution and packaging
4. use, reuse and maintenance
5. disposal/end of life

Question 7

stage of the life cycle analysis
(LCA)
EXTRACTING AND PROCESSING RAW MATERIALS

examples of activities or processes involved in the stage

Answer 7

-involves changing raw materials that are sourced by such means as logging and mining and preparing them for manufacture, sourcing fibres both naturally and synthetically.

Question 8

stage of the life cycle analysis
(LCA)
MANUFACTURING/MANUFACTURE

examples of activities or processes involved in the stage

Answer 8

-involves making products or separate components for products, either by hand or using tools, equipment and machinery.

Question 9

stage of the life cycle analysis
(LCA)
TRANSPORT, DISTRIBUTION AND PACKAGING

examples of activities or processes involved in the stage

Answer 9

involves transporting ➡ raw materials for processing ➡ from processing to manufacture ➡ from manufacture to distribution (retailers) ➡ from distribution to (retailers) to place of use

Question 10

stage of the life cycle analysis
(LCA)
USE, REUSE AND MAINTENANCE

examples of activities or processes involved in the stage

Answer 10

-product is used the way it was intended, parts and components are repaired and replaced as required and may have the potential to be reused/recycled.
-laundering

Question 11

stage of the life cycle analysis
(LCA)
DISPOSAL/END OF LIFE

examples of activities or processes involved in the stage

Answer 11

-disposal of the product or components
-donation to charity
-landfill
-recycling - upcycling or downcycling