EXAM 1: Wound Etiologies Pt 2

Question 1

Hemoglobin A1c Levels

Answer 1

determines average blood sugar for 3 months

• normal <5.7%
• diabetes >6.5%

Question 2

effects of hyperglycemia

Answer 2

• changes RBCs, platelets, capillaries
• alters blood flow
• increases microvascular pressure

Question 3

Neuropathy explained

Answer 3

caused form segmental demyelination or neural ischemia
- sensory: has motor and autonomic neuropathies; it changes musculature and feet shape
- autonomic: cant vasoconstrict/dilate or sweat; may lead to vasodilation to bones which weakens and causes fractures

Question 4

do nerves die distal to proximal or proximal to distal???

Answer 4

distal to proximal

Question 5

what size ulcar takes longer to heal?

Answer 5

larger and deeper duhhh

Question 6

where on the foot

Question 7

Neurotraumatic theory (DNO)

Answer 7

trauma in presence of SENSORY NEUROPATHY goes undetected

therefore –> deformity

Question 8

Charcot foot

Answer 8

• tarsal/metatarsal joints start to fracture and MIDFOOT COLLAPSES and forms bony prominence pressure point

rocker bottom sole

Question 9

Monofilament explanation

Answer 9

…

Question 10

blood glucose diabetes mellitus considerations

Answer 10

<70 mg/dL : STOP and EAT
70-100: SNACK and MONITOR- may need to refer
100-250: EXERCISE
>250: exercise contraindicated

Question 11

some Foot care guidelines for neuropathic ulcers

Answer 11

• inspect feet and in between toes
• always wear socks with shoes
• wear seam socks inside out
• look for things in shoes
• if cold, have insulated footwear
• dont soak feet
• no hot pads on feet
• wash and dry every day
• trim nails STRAIGHT
• quit smooking
• control diabetes