Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Nutrition exam 1 > Exam 1- Water Soluble Vitamins > Flashcards

Exam 1- Water Soluble Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

What are Hematopoietic vitamins

A

Folate, B12, B6, pantothenic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Vitamin C is

A

Ascorbic acid

Essential for humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is absorbed easier for Vitamin C ascorbic acid or dehydroascorbic acid

A

Dehydroascorbate much easily absorbed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How is vitamin C reduced

A

By enterocytes to ascorbate

80-90% absorbed up to 1 g

Transported free in plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How does cellular uptake of vitamin C occur

A

GLUT 1/2/3 and sodium dependent vitamin C transporter 1/2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

GLUT uptake of vitamin C is stimulated by _______ and inhibited by _______.

A

Stimulated= Insulin

Inhibited= glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is significant about diabetics and vitamin C

A

High plasma levels but low cellular vitamin C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Vitamin C acts like a antioxidant via

A

Donates a H to free radicals

Regenerates Vitamin E in cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Vitamin C is a coenzyme for redox reactions for iron and copper containing enzymes to

A

For collagen by

Proline - Hydroxyproline via proline hydroxlyase

Lysine - hydroxylysine via lysyl hydroxlase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Vitamin C and the immune system

A

Decreases risk of infection

Required for leukocyte activity

High dose can decrease duration of cold virus but DOES NOT PREVENT IT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Nonheme and iron absorption

A

Ascorbic acid enhances absorption of iron from plants and supplements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the Vitamin C RDA for smokers?

A

RDA+ 35 mg

TQ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does cooking do to Vitamin C

A

Frozen fruits and veggies contain more vitamin C than fresh that has been shipped long distances

Veggies refrigerated for 24 hours has lost 50% of Vitamin C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the four Hs of scurvy

A

Hemorrhagic signs (poor wound healing)

Hypochondriasis (psychological manifestations)

Hyperkeratosis of hair follicles

Hematologist ( impaired collagen and iron synthesis and absoption)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the tolerable upper intake of vitamin C

A

2g

Unabsorbed Vitamin C may cause diarrhea from LI fermentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

High dose of Vitamin C may result in

A

Kidney disease-increase risk of kidney stones

Impaired iron metabolism- iron toxicity

Helps with nonheme iron absorption!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is B1

A

Thiamin

Aka thiamin pyrophosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Thiamin Coenzyme TDP

A 
Energy production (pyruvate to acetyl CoA)
Used by dehydrogenase

NADPH and pentose synthesis
Part of transketolase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Thiamin noncoenzyme functions TTP

A

Nervous system

Regulates sodium channels and chloride transport in nerve transduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Good sources for thiamin

A

Yeast, pork, whole grains, enriched flour, dried beans

Thiaminases in raw fish and shellfish
Thiamin destroyed by sulfites

Destroyed by heat, oxidation and light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the major targets of thiamin deficiency

A

Peripheral nerves, heart and brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Symptoms of early thiamin deficiency

A

Anorexia, weight loss, malaise, tender calf muscles, leg numbness, increased pulse rate and palpitations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is acute beriberi

A

Thiamin deficiency

Chronic infant deficiency 2-5 months of age

Anorexia, vomiting, enlarged heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is wet beriberi

A

Chronic adult deficiency, peripheral edema, these calf muscles, high carb intake and exercise

25
What is dry beriberi
Chronic geriatric deficiency Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome Alcoholics, ataxia of gait
26
Who is at risk for thiamin deficiency
Elderly, alcoholics, babies Patients with malabsorption conditions or gastric bypass
27
What is thiamin toxicity
No tolerable upper intake set Toxicity is RARE
28
Issues arise when thiamin is give via what
100x RDA given by IV- headache, convulsion, cardiac arrhythmias 1000x RDA by mouth- suppress respiratory center leading to death
29
Riboflavin (B2) functions as coenzymes for
FAD and FMN Flavin ring important for redox reactions Synthesis of niacin (FAD) and B6 (FMN)
30
Riboflavin is used in the ETS for
Coenzyme for dehydrogenases, first step in beta-oxidation and Krebs
31
60 mg of tryptophan is equal to
1 mg of niacin
32
Riboflavin is destroyed by
UV light and alkaline pH Stable during cooking
33
What is the RDA for riboflavin
Men 1.3 mg Women 1.1mg
34
What is symptoms of early riboflavin deficiency
Photophobia Burning and itching eyes Soreness of mouth
35
Riboflavin deficiency is also called
Ariboflavinosis
36
What is a symptom of ariboflavinosis which results in chapped lips
Cheilosis Aka dry scaly lips
37
What is when the corner or corners of the mouth have small cracks and inflammation around the mouth
Angular stomatitis Occurs from riboflavin deficiency
38
Glossitis and magenta tongue is a deficiency in
Riboflavin
39
Photophobia and corneal vascularization occurs from
Ariboflavinosis
40
Seborrheic dermatitis, anemia, peripheral neuropathy are symptoms of
Ariboflavinosis
41
Severe riboflavin deficiency inhibits
Vitamin B6 and NAD synthesis
42
Who is at risk for riboflavin deficiency
Alcoholics Diabetics Thyroid disorders Tricyclics antidepressants
43
What is the tolerable upper intake limit of riboflavin
None set 400mg has been show as effective dose for treating migraines
44
Niacin is a coenzyme for
NAD and NADP mostly dehydrogenases H acceptors in redox reactions
45
What is the RDA for niacin
Men=16 mg Women=14 mg Most of our niacin comes from tryptophan Average consumes 900 mg of tryptophan daily, providing 15 mg of niacin
46
Niacin deficiency results in
Pellagra
47
What are the 4 D's of Pellagra
Dermatitis Dementia Diarrhea DEATH Caused by niacin or tryptophan deficiency
48
Cheilosis, angular stomatitis, glossitis are found together with what two deficiencies
Pellagra and ariboflavinosis
49
What is the tolerable upper intake of niacin
35 mg/day
50
Pantothenic acid (B5) is part of
Coenzyme A (CoA) and CTL-carrier protein (ACP)
51
FPantothenic acid is used for
Endogenous cholesterol synthesis Made in liver and intestines
52
Pantothenic acid is stable during
Cooking, storage BUT May be lost thawing frozen meats
53
Burning feet syndrome is associated with
Burning feet syndrome Numb toes, burning of feet, depression, FATIGUE, insomnia and weakness
54
Is there toxicity of pantothenic acid (B5)
None reported
55
What is biotin noncoenzyme roles
Transcription of several enzymes (glucokinase, phosphenol pyruvate carboxykinase)
56
Biotin is a coenzyme for
Bound to several carboxylases
57
What are two biotin dependent enzymes
Pyruvate- oxaloacetate required for gluconeogensis Acetyl CoA to Malonyl CoA committed step in FA synthesis
58
Biotin deficieny occurs in
50-80% of pregnant women Very RARE
59
What is the tolerable upper limit of biotin toxicity
None reported

Nutrition exam 1 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions