Exam 1–Units 1-3 Flashcards
What is edema?
Accumulation of excessive fluid in intercellular spaces–a natural result of trauma or injury
Techniques to manage edema?
- Elevation
- Cryotherapy
- Compression
- Retrograde massage
- AROM
- E-stim/non-thermal US
Mid-shaft Humerus fracture:
* Cause?
* Symptoms?
Cause: Falls, trauma (MVA)
Symptoms:
* Radial nerve damage (wrist drop).
* Wrist stiffens quickly–keep mobile.
Olecranon fracture:
* Cause?
* What should be done?
Cause: Fall on bent elbow.
Action: Elbo immobilization while fracture heals. ORIF possibly.
AROM & Strengthening: Begin at 8 weeks.
Radial head fracture:
* Cause?
* What should be done?
Cause: FOOSH
Done: Sling 1-2 weeks.
P/AAROM: 2-8 weeks.
AROM & Strengthening: Begin at 8 weeks.
Treatment of Elbow Fracture?
- Humeral guard or elbow immobilization orthotic while fracture heals.
- ORIF if fracture is unstable.
- Controlled AA/PROM (6wks)
- AROM & Strengthening (8wks)
*DO NOT put external force (PROM & Stretching) til fracture is stable
Bone healing progress?
Inflammation (0-2 weeks)––>
Callous forms (2-3 weeks)––>
Union, motion begins (4-6 weeks)––>
Consolidation, strengthening (6-8 weeks)––>
Remodeling (1-2 years)
Lateral Epicondylitis
* Cause?
* Muscle involved?
Overuse of Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis; caused by Elbow Extension & Forearm Pronation combindation.
Tests for Lateral Epicondylitis?
Tennis elbow
Mill’s Cozen’s (resistive wrist extension)
Maudsley’s (long finger extension)
Palpate lateral epicondyle (look for pain/tenderness)
Medial Epicondylitis
* Cause?
* Muscles involved?
Golfer’s Elbow
Cause: Overuse of flexor muscles
Aggravated by combined elbow extension & forearm supination.
Tests for Medial Epicondylitis?
Resistive wrist flexion, palpation of medial epicondyle
Treatment considerations for Epicondylitis?
- Avoid activities with elbow in extension & pronation for lateral epicondylitis.
- Avoid activities with elbow in extension & supination for medial epicondylitis.
