EXAM 1/TOPIC 1: WK 1, CH 1, LECTURE VIDEO 1

Question 1

What is the universally agreed upon definition of life?

Answer 1

There isn’t one.

Question 2

What are the mostly agreed upon characteristics of life?

Answer 2

cellular composition
growth
genetic material (DNA)
homeostasis
metabolism
respond to stimuli
reproduction

Mnemonic: Cells Grow from Genetic Material and survive by Homeostasis, Metabolism, Response to stimuli, and Reproduction. (CGGHMRR)

Question 3

adaptability

Answer 3

response to long-term stimuli

Question 4

irritability

Answer 4

response to short-term stimuli

Question 5

homeostasis

Answer 5

same state

ex: homethermic

Question 6

What do more people need to understand about science?

Answer 6

what it IS
what its PROCESS IS
what PARAMETERS it must operate within
that it CAN’T BE APPLIED to all areas

Question 7

TRUE OR FALSE:

Science must be observable

Answer 7

TRUE

Question 8

What is the short definition of science?

Answer 8

a way of knowing

Question 9

What is a concise definition of science?

Answer 9

a body of knowledge about a subject arrived at by careful observation, hypothesizing & testing, accepting or rejecting ideas based on test results

basically: knowledge gained via the Scientific Method

Question 10

What is a robust definition of science?

Answer 10

Systematic, ongoing INVESTIGATION
VIA observing, hypothesizing, measuring, experimenting, and theory building
FOR improving explanations of natural phenomena, which
ARE testable, revisable, falsifiable
AND can be accepted or rejected based on evidence.

(IVFAA)

Question 11

Who insisted that we don’t accept anything unless it goes thru a scientific process, marking the beginning of “doing” science?

Answer 11

Isaac Newton and Francis Bacon

Question 12

When was the Scientific Method developed?

Answer 12

mid-19th century

Question 13

What 3 assumptions are made in relation to the Scientific Method?

Answer 13

Natural causes are responsible for what takes place;
Natural laws have always applied everywhere;
People perceive natural events the same way.

Question 14

TRUE OR FALSE:

Scientific hypotheses must be modifiable.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

What makes an idea scientific?

Answer 15

that it can be rejected or modified if necessary

Question 16

What are the steps of the Scientific Method?

Answer 16

Observe
Hypothesize
Test
Draw Conclusions
Accept/Reject hypotheses based on results/evidence
Make Predictions

Question 17

What are the four types of hypotheses?

Answer 17

Research
Null
Observational
Explanational

Question 18

Which type of hypothesis states what you think is causing something or what you predict you will find?

Answer 18

Research Hypothesis

or, Alternate Hypothesis

Question 19

Which type of hypothesis is the exact/true opposite of a research hypothesis?

Answer 19

Null Hypothesis

Question 20

Which type of hypothesis restates what you see and makes a prediction that it will be proven to be the norm?

Answer 20

Observational Hypothesis

Question 21

Which type of hypothesis tries to answer “why” questions?

Answer 21

Explanational Hypothesis

Question 22

Why is making predictions an important step of the Scientific Method?

Answer 22

It gives us predictability in our daily lives by setting expectations of what we will find in nature.

Question 23

What is a mnemonic for the characteristics of life?

Answer 23

Cells
Grow from
Genetic material, 
     and survive by
Homeostasis, 
Metabolism, 
Responding to stimuli, and
Reproducing.