EXAM 1/TOPIC 1: WK 1, CH 1, LECTURE VIDEO 1 Flashcards
What is the universally agreed upon definition of life?
There isn’t one.
What are the mostly agreed upon characteristics of life?
cellular composition growth genetic material (DNA) homeostasis metabolism respond to stimuli reproduction
Mnemonic: Cells Grow from Genetic Material and survive by Homeostasis, Metabolism, Response to stimuli, and Reproduction. (CGGHMRR)
adaptability
response to long-term stimuli
irritability
response to short-term stimuli
homeostasis
same state
ex: homethermic
What do more people need to understand about science?
what it IS
what its PROCESS IS
what PARAMETERS it must operate within
that it CAN’T BE APPLIED to all areas
TRUE OR FALSE:
Science must be observable
TRUE
What is the short definition of science?
a way of knowing
What is a concise definition of science?
a body of knowledge about a subject arrived at by careful observation, hypothesizing & testing, accepting or rejecting ideas based on test results
basically: knowledge gained via the Scientific Method
What is a robust definition of science?
Systematic, ongoing INVESTIGATION
VIA observing, hypothesizing, measuring, experimenting, and theory building
FOR improving explanations of natural phenomena, which
ARE testable, revisable, falsifiable
AND can be accepted or rejected based on evidence.
(IVFAA)
Who insisted that we don’t accept anything unless it goes thru a scientific process, marking the beginning of “doing” science?
Isaac Newton and Francis Bacon
When was the Scientific Method developed?
mid-19th century
What 3 assumptions are made in relation to the Scientific Method?
Natural causes are responsible for what takes place;
Natural laws have always applied everywhere;
People perceive natural events the same way.
TRUE OR FALSE:
Scientific hypotheses must be modifiable.
True
What makes an idea scientific?
that it can be rejected or modified if necessary
What are the steps of the Scientific Method?
Observe Hypothesize Test Draw Conclusions Accept/Reject hypotheses based on results/evidence Make Predictions
What are the four types of hypotheses?
Research
Null
Observational
Explanational
Which type of hypothesis states what you think is causing something or what you predict you will find?
Research Hypothesis
or, Alternate Hypothesis
Which type of hypothesis is the exact/true opposite of a research hypothesis?
Null Hypothesis
Which type of hypothesis restates what you see and makes a prediction that it will be proven to be the norm?
Observational Hypothesis
Which type of hypothesis tries to answer “why” questions?
Explanational Hypothesis
Why is making predictions an important step of the Scientific Method?
It gives us predictability in our daily lives by setting expectations of what we will find in nature.
What is a mnemonic for the characteristics of life?
Cells
Grow from
Genetic material,
and survive by
Homeostasis,
Metabolism,
Responding to stimuli, and
Reproducing.
