Exam 1 - Terms Flashcards
Antiphon
more elaborate plainchant with few melismas
church modes
a key based off a certain note of modern-day scale, tonality
imitation
repeating motif is sung, in repeating rounds, create chords, individual lines
motet
songs based on chant fragments, embellished with new ideas
recitative
opera, part that is less musical but moves the plot along
antiphony (texture)
varying numbers of choirs/location of choirs to create a new texture
counterpoint
beginnings of harmony, written with a figured bass
isorhythm
rhythmic patterns repeated with different pitches, mathematical
neumes
early form of notation, showed rise and fall of the melody
recitation tone
chanted notes with small modulations for breath and phrases
aria
opera, more melodious and sung, to express a certain feeling
courtly love
chivalry, love for the sake of love with no romantic intentions
jongleurs
medieval secular musician
troubadours, trouvères
aristocratic poet-musicians
opera
drama presented in music, tribute to its collaborative nature
ritornello
passage of music that returns to a theme already presented
arioso
halfway between an aria and recitative
drone
one note held in the background of the melody
liturgy
The authority that determined standard practices of a religion
organum
early form of polyphony, added counterpoint
round
quick turn over of ideas, repeating, staggered, folksy
Ars Nova
“new art” formed in the late Medieval times, lead to the Renaissance
Estampie
one line piece with repeated stanzas with variations
madrigal
very experimental music, more mathematical than musical
ornamentation
improv, adding your own fluff to the music
sequence (chant)
sequence sung by a soloist, then repeated by the choir
Baroque
time period, term applied to large, irregular shaped pearls, over the top
figured bass
notation that corresponds to chords based on certain scale, played in the bass
Mass Ordinary
everyday mass
Mass Proper
the mass that changed day to day, special occasions
paraphrase (music)
Using basic idea of a song, change awkward parts, add embellishment
syllabic setting
how each syllable was presented
cantus firmus
part of the music that was not changed, usually based on a plainchant
Pavan
solemn dance of early renaissance, stepping and stopping formally
Galliard
faster dance in triple meter, late renaissance
trio sonata
written for a bass coninuo, and a duo of instruments
canzona
instrumental piece for secular musicians
ground bass
bass notes doubled by two instruments
melisma
Variations on one syllable
plainchant
earliest form of Medieval music, no fixed meter, one note with small variations
castrato
member of the choir who was castrated as a boy, so his voice remained high
Guidonian hand
uses a hand as a teaching tool for pitches (early solfège)
Monody
single soloist with accompaniment
polychoral motet
done with multiple choirs, instruments, may have soloists
choir schools
schools meant to train boys to sing in the cathedrals
homophony
involves one line of interest, combined with chords
monophony
only one line of music is sung
word painting
singing words by what is inferred by the word (up is sang high)
chaconne / ciaconna
form of a sonata, ground becomes chord progression, bass line varies
