Exam 1 Study Guide

Question 0

Define “Noncommunicable”

Answer 0

A disease which cannot be transmitted from an infected host to a susceptible host

Question 1

Define “Communicable”

Answer 1

An illness which arises through the transmission of an agent or its products to a susceptible host

Question 2

Define “Chronic”

Answer 2

A disease or health condition lastin longer than three months

Question 3

Define”Acute”

Answer 3

A disease or health condition that lasts less than three months

Question 4

What is the “Communicable Disease Model”?

Answer 4

Visual Representation of an agent, host, and environment- all necessary for the survival of a communicable disease.

Question 5

Define “Incidence” rates

Answer 5

The number of new health-related events or cases of a disease in a population exposed to that risk during a particular period of time

Question 6

Define “Prevalence” rates

Answer 6

The number of new and old cases of a disease in a population in a given period of time

Question 7

Why are rates important?

Answer 7

They allow us to examine and analyze the growing problems in a given population

Question 8

Define “Public Health”

Answer 8

What we as a society do collectively to assure the conditions in which people can be healthy

Question 9

Define “Community Health”

Answer 9

Health state of a defined group of people and the actions and conditions to promote, protect, and preserve their health

Question 10

Define “Endemic”

Answer 10

A disease that occurs regularly in a population as a matter of course

Question 11

Define “Pandemic”

Answer 11

An outbreak of a disease over a wide geographic area

Question 12

Define “Epidemic”

Answer 12

An unexpectedly large number of cases of an illness, specific health behavior, or health event

Question 13

Define “Epidemiology”

Answer 13

The study of the distribution and determinants of health related events in specific populations

Question 14

Define “Mortality”

Answer 14

The rate of deaths in a population

Question 15

Define “Morbidity”

Answer 15

The rate of illness in a population

Question 16

What is a modifiable risk factor?

Answer 16

Factors contributing to the development of a Noncommunicable disease that can be altered by modifying one’s behavior or environment

Question 17

Define “Community Organizing”

Answer 17

The process by which community groups are helped to identify common problems or change targets, mobilize resources, an develop strategies to reach their collective goals

Question 18

Define “Community Capacity”

Answer 18

Characteristics of communities that affect their ability to identify, mobilize, and address social and public health problems

Question 19

Define “Program Planning”

Answer 19

A process by which an intervention is planned to help meet the needs of a priority population

Question 20

Define “Intervention”

Answer 20

An activity or activities designed to create change in people

Question 21

Define “Evaluation”

Answer 21

Determining the value or worth of the objective of interest

Question 22

What is the difference between a goal and an objective?

Answer 22

A goal is a broad or over-reaching statement; and objective is the little steps taken to achieve a goal

Question 23

What are the opportunities and challenges of School Health?

Answer 23

Everyone has to go to school and it serves as a susceptible population; there is often insufficient funding for school health programs

Question 24

What is the CDC? What type of agency is it?

Answer 24

The center for disease control; national

Question 25

What is the NIH?

Answer 25

National institutes of health

Question 26

What is the WHO?

Answer 26

World health organization

Question 27

What is the HHS?

Answer 27

National organization of Health and Human Services

Question 28

What was Snow’s Discovery?

Answer 28

The identification of the source of a cholera outbreak on the Handel of a water pump. He was the first to describe the patho-physiology

Question 29

What was the germ theory?

Answer 29

Idea that diseases are caused by microorganisms

Question 30

What are the 21st century health concerns?

Answer 30

Health care, environmental, lifestyle disease, communicable disease, health disparities, disasters

Question 31

What are the level of prevention?

Answer 31

Primary, secondary, tertiary

Question 32

What is primary prevention?

Answer 32

Steps to forestall onset of illness or injury

Question 33

What is secondary prevention?

Answer 33

Early diagnosis and prompt treatment

Question 34

What is tertiary prevention?

Answer 34

Aimed at rehabilitation following significant pathogenesis

Question 35

What are the leading causes of death?

Answer 35

Heart diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory conditions

Question 36

How do people judge the importance of a disease to a community?

Answer 36

of people who die #of years of potential life lost economic costs associated with disease

Question 37

What are the types of evaluation?

Answer 37

Survey, tracking, data monitoring, and data management

Question 38

What are the basic steps in program planning?

Answer 38

Needs assessment, setting goals/objectives, create intervention, implement intervention, evaluate the results (NSCIE)

Question 39

What are the goals of public health outbreak investigations?

Answer 39

Stop the spread, learn about the disease, prevent future outbreaks

Question 40

What is the reporting process for communicable diseases?

Answer 40

Confirm, implement control, develop case definition, identify cases, analyze, develop hypothesis, test hypothesis, create communications