Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ACoMSC2 > Exam 1 SG > Flashcards

Exam 1 SG Flashcards

1
Q

anterior compartment

A

tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus tertius, deep peroneal nerve, anterior tibial artery and vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

lateral compartment

A

peroneus longus and brevis, superficial peroneal nerve, peroneal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

superficial posterior compartment

A

triceps surae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

deep posterior compartment

A

tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, tibial nerve, posterior tibial artery/vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ankle articulartions

A

distal tibiofibular syndesmosis joint

talocrural joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

rear foot articulations

A

subtalar (talocalcaneal) joint
inferior talus and superior calcaneous
posterior, anterior, and middle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

mid foot articulations

A

talocalcaneonavicular (TCN) joint

calcaneocuboid (CC) joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

forefoot articulations

A

tarsometatarsal (TMT)
metatarsophalangeal (MTP)
DIP and PIP (4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

talocrural joint
ankle
action

A

plantarflexion

dorsiflexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

talartarsal joint
foot
action

A

inversion

eversion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

PIP and DIP
toes
action

A

flexion 2-5

extension 2-5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

dorsiflexion

A

20

firm/hard

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

plantarflexion

A

50

firm/hard

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

inversion

A

talocrural 5
forefoot 35
firm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

eversion

A

talocrural 5
forefoot 15
hard/firm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

anterior drawer
how to perform
positive sign
what pathology

A

lie in supine, knee joint slightly flexed, ankle joint 10 to 15 PF, grasp patients heel, stabilize leg and draw foot anteriorly
tibia pulls forward
ACL injury
anterior talofibular ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

posterior drawer
how to perform
positive sign
what pathology

A

lie in supine, knee joint slightly flexed, ankle joint 10 to 15 PF, grasp patients heel, stabilize leg and draw foot posteriorly
tibia pulls backwards
posterior cruciate ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

talar tilt (inversion/eversion)
how to perform
positive sign
what pathology

A

sitting with leg off, PF, grab calcaneous and perform inversion, anatomical position, then go into inversion and eversion, DF and eversion and inversion
pain, excessive gapping
calcaneiofibular and deltoid ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

kleiger’s test
how to perform
positive sign
what pathology

A

foot DF and externally rotated
pain
syndesmosis injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

cotton test
how to perform
positive sign
what pathology

A

stabilize tibia and fibula, lateral translation to foot
translation of 3-5 mm, or clank heard or felt
syndesmosis injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

TMT/midtarsal glide
how to perform
positive sign
what pathology

A

supine or seated, grasp metatarsal and proximal tarsal bone, anterior and posterior glide,
laxity or decreased mobility
deep transverse metatarsal ligament or interosseous ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Valgus/varus
how to perform
positive sign
what pathology

A

valgus- stabilize, rotate toe out
varus- stabilize, rotate inward
pain or increase laxity
sprain MCL, LCL, avulsion fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

thompson test
how to perform
positive sign
what pathology

A

lie face down, feet hand off edge, grab gastroc
no movement in foot
rupture of achilles tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

tap/percussion test
how to perform
positive sign
what pathology

A

tap end of long bone
pain
bone fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

long bone compression
how to perform
positive sign
what pathology

A

pressing on ends of bone
pain
long bone fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

tinel’s sign
how to perform
positive sign
what pathology

A

tap posterior to medial malleolus
tingling or parathesia distally
peripheral nerve injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

homan’s sign
how to perform
positive sign
what pathology

A

extend knee, raise up to 10 degrees, passively and abruptly DF foot and squeezes calf
deep calf pain and tenderness
deep vein thrombosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

feiss line
how to perform
positive sign
what pathology

A

draw line between apex of medial malleolus, draw straight line to first MTP joint, find navicular tuberosity, have weight bearing find navicular tuberosity,
navicular tubercle below line
pes planus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

navicular drop test
how to perform
positive sign
what pathology

A

mark navicular tubercle NWB and WB
if more than 1 cm different
pes plansu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

interdigital neuroma test
how to perform
positive sign
what pathology

A

squeeze distal foot together
reproduction of patient’s symptoms
morton’s neuroma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

ankle girth test
how to perform
positive sign
what pathology

A

figure 8 tape measure around ankle
increased measurement on one side
swelling and inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

syndesmosis sprain
MOI
signs/symptoms
evaluation techniques

A

extreme external rotation or DF of talus
pain, inflammation, lack of movement, Kleiger’s test
RICE, NWB, refer to physcian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

compartment syndrom
MOI
signs/symptoms
evaluation techniques

A 
acute- blunt force trauma
chronic- exertional
shiny, weak pulses, AROM decreased, no DF, PF painful, 
acute- emergency room
chronic- IB and stretching
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

hallux valgus
MOI
signs/symptoms
evaluation techniques

A

arthritic or metabolic conditions
medially deviation of first metatarsal
insoles, or surgery to fix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

mortons neuroma
MOI
signs/symptoms
evaluation techniques

A

entrapment of common intermetatarsal nerve 3/4, 2/3
pain in traverse arch radiating into toes, PT between MT heads, interdigital neuroma test
refer to Dr. modification of foot wear, orthotics, surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

plantar faciitis
MOI
signs/symptoms
evaluation techniques

A

forced DF of ankle w/ toe extension or insidious
pain at calcaneal tubercle radiates distally, worse with WB, PT
orthotics, heel cups/foam, stretching of calr,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

stress fracture
MOI
signs/symptoms
evaluation techniques

A

chronic overuse
insidious, chronic pain, localized pain
PT at fx site, normal ROM,
refer to Dr., won’t show up for 4-6 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

os trigonum
MOI
signs/symptoms
evaluation techniques

A

traumatic, forced hyperPF,
pain deep to the achilles tendon with activity,
swelling over anteromedial and anterolateral to the achilles tendon, pain with palpation over posterior talus, A/P ROM pain w/ PF
PRICE, refer to Dr.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

lisfranc injuries
MOI
signs/symptoms
evaluation techniques

A

foot is in a PF and recieves blow in th heel area axial loading the metatarsals
sever midfoot pain, or paratheisa,
swelling along midfoot, pain WB,
pain control, NWB, refer to Dr.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

achilles tendinopathy
MOI
signs/symptoms
evaluation techniques

A

pain or buring along tendon
repetitive eccentric contraction of gastroc/soleus
PT, crepitus, limited ROM in PF/DF,
NSAIDS, rest, ice, heal lift or cup, immobilization, stretching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

lateral bony structure palpation

A 
fibular shaft
lateral malleouls
lateral border of calcaneous
peroneal tubercle
cuboid
base of 5th metatarsal
5th metatarsal
5th phalange
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

anterior (dorsal) bony structure palpation

A 
anterior tibial shaft
talar dome
cuniforms
navicular
cuboid
phalanges
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

medial bony structure palpation

A 
medial malleolus
medial border of calcaneous
sustentaculum tali
navicular and navicular tubercle
medial talar tubercle
first cunifrom
first metatarsal
first MTP joint
44
Q

posterior bony structure palpation

A

calcaneous

45
Q

plantar bony structure palpation

A

medial calcaneal tubercle
metatarsal heads
sesamoid bone of the great toe

46
Q

lateral soft tissue palpation

A 
peroneus longus and brevis muscle and tendon
peroneous tertius
calcaneofibular ligament
anterior talofibular ligament
posterior talofibular ligament
47
Q

anterior soft tissue palpation

A 
tibialis anterior
extensor hallucis longus tendon
extensor retinacula
sinis tarsi (extensor digitorum brevis)
inferior extensor retinaculum
48
Q

medial soft structure palpation

A 
deltoid ligament
spring ligament
tibialis posterior tendon (navicular tubercle)
flexor hallucis longus tendon
flexor digitorum longus tendon
49
Q

posterior soft tissue palpation

A

gastrocnemius- soleus comples
achilles tendon
subcutaneous calcaneal bursa
subtendinous calcaneal bursa

50
Q

plantar soft tissue palpation

A

plantar fascia

51
Q

open pack position of ankle

A

plantarflexion

52
Q

closed pack position of ankle

A

dorsiflexion

53
Q 
medial longitudinal arch
function of arch
static and dynamic stabilizers
what structures runs along
A

creates space for soft tissues with elastic properties,
calcaneus, talus, navicular, 1 cuniform, 1 metatarsal
plantar calcaneonavicular ligament, deltoid, plantar fascia

54
Q 
lateral longitudinal arch
function of arch
static and dynamic stabilizers
what structures runs along
A

transmitting weight and makes more contact with the ground
calcaneous, cuboid, 5th metatarsal,
plantar fascia,

55
Q 
transverse arch
function of arch
static and dynamic stabilizers
what structures runs along
A

muscular support
metatarsal heads extends to calcaneous,
1 and 5 metatarsal heads are WB

56
Q

windlass effect

A

medial longitudinal arch

heel to toe, aponeurosis, big toe DF, pulls heel and toe together locks foot

57
Q

gastrocnemius
insert
origin
action

A

I- calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
O- condyles of femur, posterior surfaces
A- F knee, PF ankle

58
Q

soleus
insert
origin
action

A

I- calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
O- soleal line, proximal, posterior surface of tibia and posterior aspect of the head of the fibula
A- PF ankle

59
Q

peroneal longus
insert
origin
action

A

I- bast of 5th metatarsal and medial cuniform
O- head of fibula and proximal 2/3 of lateral fibula
A- Ev foot

60
Q

peroneal brevis
insert
origin
action

A

I- tuberosity of 5th metatarsal
O- distal 2/3 of lateral fibula
A- Ev foot

61
Q

tibialis anterior
insert
origin
action

A

I- medial cuneiform and distal phalanges of second through 5th toes
O- lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane
A- IV foot, DF ankle

62
Q

tibialis posterior
insert
origin
action

A

I- all 5 tarsal bones and bases of 2- 4th metatarsal
O- proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; and interosseous membrane
A- IV foot, PF ankle

63
Q

extensor digitorum longus
insert
origin
action

A

I- middle and distal phalanges of 2-5th toes
O- lateral condyle of tibia; proximal shaft of fibula and interosseous membrane
A- Extend 2-5th toes, DF ankle, EV foot

64
Q

extensor digitorum brevis
insert
origin
action

A

I- 2-4th toes via extensor digitorum longus tendons
O- dorsal surface of calcaneus
A- Extend 2-4th toes

65
Q

extensor hallicus longus
insert
origin
action

A

I- distal phalanx of 1st toe
O- middle, anterior surface of tibia and interosseous membrane
A- Extend 1st toe, DF ankle, IV foot

66
Q

extensor hallicus brevis
insert
origin
action

A

I- proximal phalanx of 1st toe
O- dorsal surface of calcaneus
A- Extend 1st toe

67
Q

flexor digitorum longus
insert
origin
action

A

I- distal phalanges of 2-5th toes
O- middle, posterior surface of tibia
A- F 2-5th toes, weak PF ankle, IV foot

68
Q

flexor digitorum brevis
insert
origin
action

A

I- middle phalanges of 2-5th toes
O- medial process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
A- Flex middle phalanges of 2-5th toes]

69
Q

flexor hallicus longus
insert
origin
action

A

I- distal phalanx of 1st toe
O- middle of posterior fibula
A- F 1st toe, weak PF ankle, IV foot

70
Q

flexor hallicus brevis
insert
origin
action

A

I- medial and lateral surfaces of base of proximal phalanx of 1st toe
O- plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuniform
A- Flex 1st toe

71
Q

abductor hallicus
insert
origin
action

A

I- proximal phalanx of 1st toe and medial sesamoid bone
O- medial process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
A- AB 1st toe

72
Q

adductor hallicus
insert
origin
action

A

I- lateral surface of base of proximal phalanx of 1st toe
O- Oblique- bases of 2-5th metatarsals, Transverse- plantar ligament of 3-5th metatarsophalangeal joints
A- AD 1st toe, assist to maintain transverse arch, assist to F 1 toe

73
Q

hindfoot (rearfoot)

A

calcaneus

talus

74
Q

midfoot

A

navicular
cuniforms (3)
cuboid

75
Q

forefoot

A

metatarsals 4

phalanges 14

76
Q

what causes hammer toe

A

wearing short, narrow shoes that are too tight

77
Q

what causes morton’s toe

A

genetic

1st metatarsal is shorter than 2nd metatarsal

78
Q

what causes claw toe

A

nerve damage caused by diseases such as diabetes or alcoholism

79
Q

how does hammer toe, morton’s toe, and claw toe differ in clinical presentation

A

claw toe is caused by nerve damage, morton’s toe is genetic, and hammer toe is caused be to tight shoes

80
Q

what structure pass thorugh tarsal tunnel

A 
tendons of posterior tibialis
flexor digitorum longus
flexor hallicus longus
posterior tibial artery and vein
posterior tibial nerve
81
Q

what parts of foot are weight bearing during gait cycle

A

1st and 5th metatarsals

calcaneous

82
Q

different observation/inspection specific to foot and ankle

A 
WB, PWB, NWB
antalgic gait
ER while walking
swelling, ecchymosis, deformity
reddened or shiny skin, decreased DF, 
absent of doralis pedis pulse
muscular atrophy
new orthotics, changed shoes, shoe condition
83
Q

ottawa ankle rules

how rules were derived in EBP

A

patient is unable to walk 4 steps both immediately following injury and at the time or exam
ankle radiography ordered if pain in zone a or b
foot radiography ordered if pain in zone c or d

84
Q

supination

A

ankle PF, subtalar IV, forefoot AD

85
Q

pronation

A

ankle DF, subtar EV, forefoot AB

86
Q

types of abnormal gait

what pathology indicated

A 
antalgic (painful)
arthrogenic (stiff hip or knee)
contracture gait
trendelenberg's
drop foot
87
Q

describe how an inter-professional team approach to patient care is beneficial to the patient and patient outcomes
give an example of inter-professional practice

A

help prevent errors, improves patient experience, and delivers better patient outcomes
and can reduce healthcare costs
a doctor, nurse, pharamcist, and physical therapist work together to help a patient get better

88
Q

ankle ligaments

A 
lateral- anterior talofibular ligament
calcaneofibular ligament
posterior talofibular ligament
medial
deltoid ligaments
89
Q

Tom, Dick, and Nervous Harry

A 
tibialis posterior
flexor digitorum longus
tibial artery
tibial nerve
flexor hallius longus
90
Q

pulses

A

posterior tibial artery

dorsalis pedis artery

91
Q

function of foot

A

acts as a base of support necessary for maintaining upright posture
provides flexibility to adapt to uneven terrain
aids in shock absorption
acts as a lever during push off

92
Q

pes cavus

A

high arch

93
Q

pes planus

A

flat foot

94
Q

main phases of gait

A

stance phase

swing phase

95
Q

stance phase

sub phases

A

heel strike/ initial contant- rigid and supinated
foot flat/ load response
midstance/single leg stance- flexible and pronated
terminal stance/ heel off
toe off/ preswing

96
Q

swing stance

sub phases

A

pressing
initial swing
midswing
terminal swing

97
Q

initial contact

A

anterior tibialis eccentric contraction

98
Q

mid stance

A

gastroc eccentric contraction

99
Q

terminal stance

A

gastroc concentric contraction

100
Q

preswing

A

gastoc concentric contraction

101
Q

antalgic (painful)

A

injury to pelvis, hip, knee, ankle or foot

effected leg stance phase is short than other leg

102
Q

arthrogenic (stiff knee or hip)

A

stiffness, laxity, or deformity
can be painful
lift entire leg higher than normal to clear the ground

103
Q

contracture gait

A

if the person was in a cast or brace for a long time,

104
Q

trendelenbergs

A

contralateral side droops

105
Q

drop foot gait

A

weak or paralyzed DFs results in drop foot, to compensate the knee is lifted higher than normal, foot will slap ground

106
Q

syndesmosis structures

A

anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament
posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament
interosseous ligament
interosseous membrane

ACoMSC2 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions