Exam 1 Review - Lab Portion Flashcards
What muscle runs across the carpus and contains the sesamoid bone muscle that you’ll see on a radiograph? What innervates it?
Abductor digiti I longus
Innervation: radial
Where does the biceps brachii originate? Insert?
Origin: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Insertion: radius and ulna
Brachialis origin and insertion
Origin: proximal humerus
Insertion: radius and ulna
What group of muscles originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus?
extensors
What group of muscles originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus?
Flexors
Where does Extensor Carpi Radialis orginate?
supracondylar crest
With a fracture of the humerus, if you take a lateral surgical approach, what muscles are in your way?
lateral and accessory head of tricep
(Brachialis?)
What muscles span multiple joints? What are their actions?
Bicep Brachii (Flex Elbow, Extend Shoulder)
Long Head of Tricep (Extend Elbow, Flex Shoulder)
Between what bones does the nuchal ligament span?
C2 –> first 3 thoracic vertebrae
do cats have a nuchal ligament?
no
Which muscles attach to the accessory carpal bone?
Ulnaris lateralis (radial nerve)
Flexor carpi ulnaris (ulnar nerve)
What through the supracondylar foramen in cats?
Brachial Artery
Median Nerve
What artery supplies blood to the head?
carotid artery
During a surgical ventral approach for a laminectomy, what muscles do you need to reflex to access the vertebral disc?
longus coli
During a surgical dorsal approach for a laminectomy, what muscles do you need to reflex to access the vertebral disc?
transversospinalis
What muscles are involved in inspiration during respiration?
Scalenus, Serratus dorsalis cranialis, intercostals
Which muscles are involved in expiration?
Serratus dorsalis caudalis, abdominals
What is the action of the epaxial muscles on the vertebral column?
Lateral movement and Extension (Arching the back to stretch)
Within what muscle is the superficial cervical lymph node located?
omotransversarius
what comes out of the lateral vertebral foramen on C1?
C1 nerve?
What comes out of transverse foramen on C1?
vertebral veins and arteries
What comes out of the transverse foramen on C7?
C7 does not have a transverse foramen
Radial nerve damage below the tricep will result in ___ due to loss of function of the ____.
knuckling, carpal and digital extensors
Loss of the radial nerve above the tricep will result in ___, due to loss of __.
non-weight bearing, lose elbow, carpal, and digital extensors
If you lose the Axillary nerve, can the dog still bear weight? Why or why not?
Yes
Axillary nerve innervates Deltoideus, Teres major, and Teres minor, which are shoulder flexors
The long head of the tricep (radial n.) can compensate and function as the main shoulder flexor and elbow extender
A dog presents with the inability to dig, what muscle or nerve may be affected?
latissimus dorsi, innervated by the thoracodorsal-nerve
A dog can extend its elbow joint and bear weight, only on the dorsal aspect of its manus. When you test the dorsal manus for sensation, the dog has feeling in its skin. What specific nerve damage might explain this presentation?
Deep branch of radial nerve on surface of brachialis muscle
What is the specific name for the twitching reflex? What muscle and nerve are responsible?
Panniculus response, Cutaneous trunci, Lateral thoracic nerve
A dog is holding a bone between its paws, what muscle is mainly responsible for this action
pronators (paws are gripping and pushing down, i.e. pronation)
What muscle innervated by the radial nerve that is not an extensor? where does it originate?
Ulnaris lateralis (lateral epicondyle)
Where does the supinator originate?
Lateral epicondyle
Where does the pronator teres originate?
medial epicondyle
Would avulsion of the brachial plexus affect the panniculus response?
Yes
Lateral thoracic nerve, which innervates cutaneous trunci, passes through the brachial plexus
What functions would be impaired if the ulnar nerve is severed?
Flexion of the carpus and digits would be reduced
(DDF (ulnar head) and flexor carpi radialis)
What functions would be affected if the axillary nerve is severed?
Flexion of the shoulder would be reduced
(teres major, teres minor, and deltoideus), Long head of tricep (radial nerve) would be able to compensate
What functions would be affected if radial nerve is damaged at the level of the brachial plexus?
Animal would be non-weight bearing
Reduced shoulder flexion (loss of LH of tricep)
Complete loss of elbow extenders
Complete loss of carpal and digital extensors
Palmar aspect of the manus has ___ aspect, but no __ __ __.
sensory, cutaneous autonomous zone
sensory zone of median nerve
palmar surface of paw
