Exam 1 Review

Question 1

Anthropology comes from the Greek words anthropos and ology and is:

Answer 1

the study of humans

Question 2

This person is known as the “father of modern anthropology”

Answer 2

Franz Boas

Question 3

Term:

To consider how one’s identity and personal views may impact research

Answer 3

reflexivity

Question 4

This concept suggests that language shapes one’s views/thinking of the world

Answer 4

The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

Question 5

This early hominid is associated with the Acheulian hand ax

Answer 5

homo erectus

Question 6

Oldowan tools are associated with which early ancestor?

Answer 6

Australopithecus garthi

Question 7

Term:

This leads to improved understanding of “the other”

Answer 7

relativism

Question 8

Term:

A list of words for names, events, and ideas existing in a particular language is known as a:

Answer 8

lexicon

Question 9

As of 2014, approximately ______ percent of the world’s population has access to the internet.

Answer 9

40

Question 10

What is the equation for the interaction of nature and nurture on an individual’s development?

Answer 10

Genotype - Environment - Phenotype

Question 11

What is the Nacirema’s “mouth ritual”?

Answer 11

Brushing their teeth

Question 12

Example of ethnocentrism

Answer 12

• Viewing another religion as fundamentally wrong,
• Calling another culture’s practices “savage”.
• Assuming a less technological culture is less evolved.

Question 13

Cumulative cultural learning (Legare 2017) human success is due to:

Answer 13

• Our ability to transmit culture via writing.
• Our ability to learn from distant generations.
• Our ability to share ideas globally.

Question 14

The Nacirema are ______ and their “listeners” are _____.

Answer 14

Americans; psychologists

Question 15

List the Four Field Holistic Approach

Answer 15

1. Physical/Biological Anthro
2. Linguistic Anthro
3. Archeology
4. Cultural Anthro

Question 16

Term:
Belief that one’s own culture or way of life is normal and/or natural; using one’s own culture to evaluate and judge the practices and ideas of others:

Answer 16

ethnocentrism

Question 17

What is the cultural tape from Sherry Ortner?

Answer 17

the human memory is fallible; the collection of different people’s memories allow you to get a more accurate truth/memory.

Question 18

What is anthropometrics?

Answer 18

body measurements

Question 19

Cross-culture comparison

Answer 19

ethnology

Question 20

Using other people’s quotes

Answer 20

polyvocality

Question 21

What are kinesics?

Answer 21

gesture; body language

Question 22

Term:
What are the smallest units of sound that can have meaning?
(b, p, i, g)

Answer 22

phonemes

Question 23

Term:
What are the smallest units of sounds that have their own meaning?
(big, pig)

Answer 23

morphemes

Question 24

Term:
What goes where in a sentence
(subject, verb, object, orientation)

Answer 24

syntax

Question 25

Term:

General term for rules of syntax and words formation

Answer 25

grammar

Question 26

Term:

Changes in the frequency of an allele in a population overtime

Answer 26

evolution

Question 27

Term:

Human guided reproduction of other species

Answer 27

synthetic selection

Question 28

Term:

Mating within a group

Answer 28

endogamy

Question 29

Term:

Mating outside a group

Answer 29

exogamy

Question 30

What is the name of the nearly complete skeleton?

Answer 30

Nariokotome Boy

Question 31

Term:

Which hominid showed early bipedalism and dental changes?

Answer 31

Ardipithecus ramidus

Question 32

Term:

Which hominid showed an increased cranium?

Answer 32

Homo habilis

Question 33

Cumulative cultural learning

Answer 33

continually building on our ideas

Question 34

TED Talk:

99% of our genes are ______

Answer 34

bonobos

Question 35

Term:

Temporary adjustments to extreme conditions

Answer 35

acclimation