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BOT 107 > Exam 1 Review > Flashcards

Exam 1 Review Flashcards

1
Q

Father of Ethnobotany. Best Known for entheogenic or hallucinogenic plants.

A

Richard Schultes

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2
Q

First known opium adict

A

Roman King Marcus

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3
Q

saint anthony’s fire

A

severe shrinking of blood vessels in body due to plants.

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4
Q

Did ethnobotany originate with Harshberger in 1896?

A

NO hunter and gather societies

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5
Q

Carl Linnaeus

A

catalogued a lot of plants, first described cannabis sativa

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6
Q

Cannabis Stems

A

Good for construction, not susceptible to termites

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7
Q

Hemp

A

Cannabis L

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8
Q

Hop

A

Humulus L (HOPS female flowers)

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9
Q

3 species of cannabis are different by

A

growth habits, seed character and wood structure

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10
Q

3 species of cannabis and which one is illegal?

A

Sativa, Indica (ILLEGAL), ruderalis

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11
Q

Jean Babtiste Lamarack

A

first described canabis indica

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12
Q

dioecious

A

male and female flowers on sep. plants, variation in offspring

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13
Q

cannabis hempen fibers uses

A

cloth, paper, rope

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14
Q

cannabis vegetal oil uses

A

lighting and soap (now used for paints) IN SEEDS

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15
Q

cannabis seeds uses

A

food source

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16
Q

other cannabis uses

A

medicinal and spirtual/mind altering

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17
Q

cannabis uses

A

livestock feed and bedding, essential oils, nutritional supplements, construction, body care products, molded plastic, tectiles, paper products, food, medicines

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18
Q

Shen Nung

A

chinese emperor who investigated a lot of herbs and their medicinal uses

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19
Q

Liana

A

wood vines

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20
Q

perennial life cycle

A

survive for a long time (redwood/climax community)

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21
Q

why do plants modify?

A

limited resources

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22
Q

pollination happens in?

A

ovary of plant

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23
Q

seed dispersal

A

wind water animals human and bursting

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24
Q

coconut h2o can

A

save from drought

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25
Q

human origin

A

africa

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26
Q

why humans have more dominance than dolphins

A

accumulated knowledge

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27
Q

did coconuts grow in hawaii pre colonization

A

no dna proves

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28
Q

coconut roots

A

shallow

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29
Q

coconut tree

A

NOT made of bark, allows it to sway back and forth and not fall over

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30
Q

exocarp

A

other green or yellow part of the coconut

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31
Q

mesocarp

A

inside fibers of coconut

32
Q

endocarp

A

shell of coconut

33
Q

endosperm

A

juice in center of coconut (YOUNG HAVE MORE)

34
Q

when was hawaii migrated

A

1000 years ago

35
Q

Papa new guinea

A

where most crops and animals were domesticated from.

36
Q

what did domestication require?

A

herbivory, fast growth rate, ability to breed, nonagressive or easily spooked, social structure (INSTICT TO OBEY ANIMALS WITH MORE POWER)

37
Q

origin of the earth theories (3)

A

1) meteorite brings living organisms to earth
2)god
3) chemical evolution (microscopic organism on bottom of ocean)

38
Q

How old is the earth

A

4.6 billion years old

39
Q

rise of agriculture

A

10,000 years ago

40
Q

r selected

A

few survive, many offspring

41
Q

k selected

A

many survive, few offspring, increased parental care

42
Q

Important to darwin

A

can’t just survive must reproduce

43
Q

Cambrian explosion

A

650 mil years ago

44
Q

coco palm uses

A

shelter, food, medicine, materials, daily use, rope, skirts, arrows, baskets, hats, roofs, thatch, fishing net, coconut oil, soap, bowl, utensil, charcoal

45
Q

steven jay gould

A

evolution occured in rapid spurts

46
Q

Spread of humans

A

arrived in australia 15k years before europe, SA most recent at 10k years ago

47
Q

how did humans get to NA

A

through sibera to alaska then downward

48
Q

megafauna extinction

A

proof of human life (everywhere except africa)

49
Q

what age were humans around the longest?

A

old stone age/ paleolithic (50k BP -> 10k BP)

50
Q

stone ages in order

A

paleolithic -> mesolithic -> neolithic

51
Q

iron age did what

A

IRON PLOWS increased agricultures efficiency because it could cut through hard clay soils

52
Q

human impact in ancient times before agriculture

A

1) direction predation of large animals
2) habitat alteration
3) dispersal of organisms
4) cutting/burning forest to cultivate crops
5) artifical selection of plants and animals.

53
Q

bronze

A

copper + arsenic

54
Q

“true” bronze

A

tin + copper (INCREASED TRADE)

55
Q

cultural vegetation

A

fully cultivated
previous dominated species has been replaced by others by man
ex) planted forest

56
Q

natural vegetation

A

fully natural
NOT influenced by humans in any way
Hard to find because of CO2 emissions today/global warming

57
Q

sub-natural vegetation

A

ACCIEDENTAL human interference
influenced by humans but still belongs to the same structural formation but often is dominated by alien species

58
Q

semi-natural vegetation

A

BIOME CHANGES
ex) tropical forest converted to grassland
due to human interference, fires and droughts

59
Q

canis lupus

A

ancestor of artificial selected dogs

60
Q

how did we make dogs?

A

intentional juvenile selection

61
Q

Brassica Olercea

A

cabbage, cauliflower, Brussel sprouts, etc, etc

62
Q

opium poppy native to where?

A

thought to be mediterranian

63
Q

slash and burn

A

shifting cultivation MOST COMMON IN TROPICS

64
Q

shifting cultivation can only use ___% of farmland

A

10

65
Q

non-stable growth

A

a discontinuous step process and a continuous process
ex) development of agriculture

66
Q

counting all humans ever in existence, how many were hunter and gatherers?

A

90% (only 6% agricultural and 3% modern agricultural!)

67
Q

swidden

A

field created by cutting and burning of plants in a forest or woodland

68
Q

asexual reproduction is common where?

A

tropics

69
Q

climax forest

A

natural at peak stage

70
Q

corn

A

mexico

71
Q

potatoes

A

peru

72
Q

how has artificial selection affected corn?

A

grew in size

73
Q

is there a correct theory on the origin of agriculture

A

prob not

74
Q

theoretical origins for agriculture

A

human nature to invent, religion, trade centers needed a surplus of food, optimum wild food zones, areas with max genetic diversity is likely centers for origin (8), AND SO ON

75
Q

SAUER’s theory of origin of agriculture

A

speculative
in moist and abundant regions allowed more leisure time to experiment
suggested started domestication with fisherman.

76
Q

one of the first cultivated plants

A

cannabis

BOT 107 (2 decks)

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