Exam 1 Review Flashcards
HTML
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
• Web pages are text files written in this language.
• A markup language describes the content and
structure of a document by identifying, or
tagging, different document elements
(PP: T1, Slide 11)
HTML5
De facto standard for the next generation of HTML.
PP: T1, Slide 14
DHTML
DHTML (Dynamic HTML)
- Code for interactive webpages that need no plugins like flash or java.
- Used to create animations and dynamic menus
XHTML
XHTML (Extensible Hypertext Markup
Language)
• A variant of HTML that has a stricter set of standards.
(PP: T1, Slide 14)
XML
Markup language that defines a set of rules.
Block Element
Element that always start on a new line and takes the full width available.
Inline Element
Element that doesn’t start on a new line, and only takes the space needed.
Meta
- Used for general/generic lists of metadata values.
- such as search keywords, viewport, properties, and the files’ character encoding
(PP: T1, Slide 29, 31)
Title
Stores the document’s title or name, usually displayed in the browser title bar or on a browser tab
(PP: T1, Slide 29, 30)
Body
Contains the entire content of the document.
PP: T1, Slide 22, 23
Anchor
- Creates a hyperlink to URL-related content.
* Also known as < a >
List
List is a type of grouping element
PP: T1, Slide 42
Paragraph
- Creates a paragraph.
- Also known as < p >
(PP: T1, Slide 21)
Heading (h1…h6)
- Marks major headings, lower the number, the higher the priority.
- h1 representing the heading with the highest rank, h2 representing next highest-ranked heading, and so forth
(PP: T1, Slide 35)
Horizontal Rule
- Marks a thematic break such as a scene change or a transition to a new topic.
- Also known as < hr >.
Elements:
< img >
Inserts an image.
PP: T1, Slide 41
< ol >
Creates an ordered list.
PP: T1, Slide 37
< ul >
Creates an unordered list.
PP: T1, Slide 37
< li >
- Represents an item in a list.
- Contains a single item from an ordered or unordered list
(PP: T1, Slide 37)
Header
- Would include the introductory content of a page such as a logo, title, search bar, or names.
- Contains opening context that introduces an article or section [HTML5]
(PP : T1, Slide 35)
Main
- Would include content that focuses on the main subject of a document, or the functionality of an app.
- An HTML document is divided into two main sections: the head and the body
(PP : T1, Slide 23)
Nav
- Provides navigation links.
- Marks a list of hypertext or navigation links [HTML5]
(PP: T1, Slide 35)
Client-Side Scripting
Scripting that is validated in the browser.
Server-Side Scripting
Scripting that is validated in the server.
Validator
Validators are programs that test code to ensure that it contains no syntax errors
(PP: T1, Slide 17)
White Space
- Used to provide space between other elements.
- A white-space character is any empty or blank character such as a space, tabs, or a line break
(PP: T1, Slide 25)
Inline CSS
- Styles added as element attributes within an HTML document and applied to only that particular element
- Type of CSS that is contained within the body section of the HTML document.
(PP: T2, Slide 7)
Embedded CSS
- Styles added to the head of an HTML document
- Type of CSS that is contained within the head of the HTML document.
(PP: T2, Slide 7)
External CSS
- Styles created by a website author, placed within a CSS file, and linked to the page
- Type of CSS that is a file separate from the main HTML document.
(PP: T2, Slide 6)
Precedence CSS
- The more specific style rule has precedence over the more general style rule
- Specificity is an issue when two or more styles conflict
- If two rules have equal specificity and equal importance, then the one that is defined last has precedence
(PP: T2, Slide 12)
Relative Sizing
- Expressed relative to the size of other objects within the web page or to the display properties of the device itself.
- used to specify a length relative to another length property.
(PP: T2, Slide 37)
Absolute/Positioning Sizing
Fixed in size, regardless of the output device and are used only with printed media
(PP: T2, Slide 37)
Form
Contains interactive controls for submitting information.
Progressive Enhancement
- A technique of placing the code conforming to elder standards before newer properties
- It provides support for older browsers and allows newer standards to be used by the browsers that support them
(PP: T2, Slide 23)
Fixed Layout
Size of the page and page elements are fixed, usually using pixels as the unit of measure.
(PP: T3, Slide 9)
Elastic Layout
Images and text are always sized in proportion to each other in em units
(PP: T3, Slide 9)
Fluid Layout
The width of the page elements are set as a percent of the available screen width.
(PP: T3, Slide 9)
Content Box Model
A layout model in which the width property only refers to the width of the element content.
Border Box Model
A layout model in which the width property refers to the width of the element’s content, padding, and border spaces.
Borders in a Grid
These are drawn outside the element.
Outlines in a Grid
These are drawn inside the element.
(Grid) Row
The values of this are based on the page content.
PP: T3, Slide 31
(Grid) Column
The values of this are based on the number that provides the most flexibility in laying out the page content.
(PP: T3, Slide 31)
Grid Cell
a square unit, representing some real-world size, which contains a single value.
Grid < div >
division
• Marks distinct rows and columns of the grid.
(PP: T3, Slide 36)
Horizontal (Centering/Aligning Elements)
- where alignment is left, right, center, or justify
- text-align: alignment;
(PP: T2, Slide 47)
Vertical (Centering/Aligning Elements)
- where alignment is baseline, bottom, middle, sub, super, text-bottom, text-top, or top
- vertical-align: alignment;
(PP: T2, Slide 47)
Principles of Design/Overflow
Controls a browser that handles excess content.
Z-Index
- A value that determines its position relative only to other elements that share a common parent.
- Works only for elements that are placed with absolute positioning
(PP: T3, Slide 69, 70)
Adding Scrollbars
This is used to add sidebars.
Clip
Defines a rectangular region through which an element’s content can be viewed
(PP: T3, Slide 66)
Background Image:
Tiling
The process of repeating an image both vertically and horizontally until the background is filled.
(PP: T4, Slide 8)
Background-Attachment
A background image is attached to its element so that it scrolls when the element content is scrolled.
(PP: T4, Slide 10)
Background-Position
Specifies the position of a background image.
PP: T4, Slide 13
Background-Clip
Defines how far the background (color or image) should extend.
(PP: T4, Slide 15)
Background-Repeat
Sets how a background image will be repeated.
PP: T4, Slide 8
CSS Filters
Adjust how a browser renders an image, a background, or a border.
(PP: T4, Slide 55)
