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Ther Ex 1 > exam 1: resistance ex for impaired muscle performance > Flashcards

exam 1: resistance ex for impaired muscle performance Flashcards

1
Q

intervention progression model

A
  1. injury
  2. pain mgmt
  3. flexibility
  4. strength
  5. proprioception
  6. endurance
  7. power
  8. skilled activity
  9. full activity

*Tissue healing–>painfree functional activity–>pt ed

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2
Q

define resistance exercise according to Kisner

A

active exercise

  • dynamic/static mm contraction
  • resisted by outside force
  • outside force = mechanical (equipment)/manual(therapist)
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3
Q

3 goals of resistance exercise

A
  1. strength
  2. endurance
  3. power
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4
Q

define muscular strength

A

greatest force a muscle/group of muscles can exert in one effort

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5
Q

define strength training

A

systematic procedure of a mm or group of mm lifting, lowering, controlling heavy load for low # of reps in short period of time

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6
Q

muscular endurance

A

ability to act repeatedly against a sub-max resistance

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7
Q

clinical relevance of muscular power

A
  • daily activities require mm action at moderate/high velocities
  • biggest factor in dysfunction as ppl get older
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8
Q

power training vs strength training in the elderly

A

power training has small advantage over strength training in functional outcomes in the elderly

both power and strength training improve functional performance in older adults

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9
Q

5 criteria in determining which resistance exercise is appropriate for the patient

A
  1. stage of condition
  2. tissue reactivity
  3. pt goals
  4. therapeutic ex goals
  5. availability of resources
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10
Q

SAID principle

A

specific adaptation to imposed demand

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11
Q

overload principle

A

need right amount of overload to strengthen muscle

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12
Q

overflow

A

transfer of training

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13
Q

reversibility principle

A

use it or lose it

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14
Q

11 factors affecting muscle performance

A
  1. cross sectional area: large vs small
  2. fiber type: type 1 vs type 2
  3. type of contraction: ecc>iso>concentric
  4. speed of contraction: fast conc = weakest force production, fast ecc = greatest force
  5. L-T relationship: optimal actin/myosin overlap = optimal muscle performance
  6. muscle architecture: parallel vs pennate
  7. training specificity: how well you are trained or familiar w/ resistance training will affect performance
  8. neurological adaptation: recruitment
  9. muscle fatigue
  10. age: older = less muscle mass
  11. motivation
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15
Q

2 precautions during resistance training

A
  1. valsalva maneuver: exhale upon exertion; count, sing

2. fatigue: local (burning, twitching, decreased performance) vs general (posture, SOB,decreased performance)

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16
Q

prior to MRE

A
  1. eval ROM, strength
  2. “match my resistance”
  3. remind patient to breathe
  4. establish # of sets, reps so patient has goal to work with
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17
Q

during MRE

A
  1. force = perpendicular to pull of muscle
  2. count the reps
  3. provide stabilization
18
Q

modifications to MRE

A
  1. rhythmic stabilization
    - man resist to one side of jt, then the other while pt. resisting isometrically
    - enhances stability
  2. diagonal patterns~pnf patterns
19
Q

basic procedures w/ PNF patterns

A
  1. manual contacts
  2. stretch
  3. normal timing
  4. traction and approximation
  5. verbal commands, visual cues
20
Q

specific techniques w/ PNF

A
  • rhythmic initiation
  • repeated contractions
  • reversal of antagonists
  • alternating isometrics and rhythmic stabilization
21
Q

isotonic regimens (5)

A
  1. delormes technique
  2. oxford technique
  3. dapre
  4. circuit weight training
  5. plyometrics
22
Q

delormes technique

A

progressive loading (lighter–>heavier)

23
Q

oxford technique

A

regressive loading (heavier–>lighter)

24
Q

DAPRE

A
  • # of reps performed during 3rd set determines weight to use for 4th set
  • # of reps for 4th set determines next workout’s adjustable working weight
25
Q

concerns during isometric exercises

A

-cardiovascular stress, valsalva maneuver

26
Q

goal of muscle setting

A

increased circulation, decreased swelling, decreased pain and stimulation of mechanoreceptors

27
Q

goal of rhythmic stabilization

A

stimulation of mechanoreceptors, increased proprioception, and enhanced stability

28
Q

goal of multiple-angle isometrics

A

increase strength in specific points in ROM

*gain strength in 10 degrees on both sides of isometric contraction–>apply resistance every 20 degrees

29
Q

characteristics and effects of isometric training

A
  1. intensity of contraction
  2. duration of activation
  3. joint angle and mode
  4. repetitive contractions
30
Q

rule of tens in isometric training

A
  1. 2 seconds to develop tension
  2. 6 second hold
  3. 2 seconds to release tension
31
Q

Davies resistive exercise progression

A
  1. multiple angle isometrics sub-max
  2. multiple angle isometrics max
  3. short arc isokinetics sub-max
  4. short arc isotonics
  5. short arc isokinetics max
  6. full range isokinetics sub-max
  7. full range isotonics
  8. full range isokinetics max
32
Q

order of greatest force production

A
  1. ecc: fast>slow
  2. isometrics
  3. conc: slow>fast
33
Q

plyometrics

A

operate on stretch reflex, good for later stages of rehab; enhance nervous system reactivity; eccentric loading followed by quick concentric; slow static stretching will reduce stretch-reflex

34
Q

DCER

A

dynamic constant external resistance

35
Q

isokinetic training characteristics

A
  1. constant velocity,
  2. accomodation to fatigue
  3. accomodation to painful arc
36
Q

ROM overflow in isokinetic training

A

30 degrees

37
Q

examples of isokinetic equipment

A

cybex, lido,biodex,kincom

38
Q

most common cause of DOMS

A

high speed eccentric contractions

39
Q

effect of stretching on DOMS

A

stretching does not reduce DOMS in young healthy adults

40
Q

resistive exercise precautions with osteoporosis

A
  • increase intensity progressively w/ structural capacity of bone
  • avoid combining trunk flexion and rotation
41
Q

contraindications for resistive exercises

A
  1. pain: something has already gone wrong
  2. inflammation; exception = gentle muscle setting
  3. severe cardiopulmonary disease
  4. certain disease states/processes

Ther Ex 1 (2 decks)

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