Exam 1 quiz WK2 Flashcards
When the care required of a patient comes into conflict with the nurse’s personal beliefs, this is considered:
a moral conflict
an ethical dilemma
moral distress
ethical problem solving
an ethical dilemma
Rationale:
This situation demonstrates an ethical dilemma because it involves two or more clear principles that are in conflict.
Moral conflicts are based on an idea of right or wrong.
Moral distress refers to knowing the right thing to do but being unclear about how to proceed due to additional factors.
A nurse manager is making a decision based on a problem with a staff member. What would be the optimal end product of the decision?
An alternative problem
A chosen course of action
An action that guarantees success
A restatement of the solution
A chosen course of action
Rationale:
Decision making implies there are at least two options that have been presented as possibilities for action. At a minimum, the choices are act and don’t act. The ultimate end product of the decision-making process is a chosen course of action. An alternative problem is not a positive outcome. Actions do not always guarantee success nor does a restatement of the solution.
A nursing staff is presently using disposable biopsy forceps in the endoscopy suite, and the nurse manager is questioning the cost-effectiveness of this practice. What would be an appropriate decision-making model to find a cost-efficient solution?
SWOT
Intuitive judgment
Decision grid
Consequence tables
Decision grid
Rationale:
Decision grids are visual models that allow comparison of ‘apples to apples’. By listing alternative options as well as different criteria, a decision grid leaves a clear comparison of alternatives.
Intuitive judgment would best be used when a decision has to be made immediately using intuition.
A SWOT analysis is used when strategic planning is necessary.This situation would not require a consequence grid since it is a simple comparison of cost.
A nurse is using the nursing process to plan the care of a newly admitted patient that has had a stroke. What is the benefit of using the nursing process to devise a care plan?
a) This method of problem solving can be transferrable to non-patient problems.
b) The process will always lead to optimal patient care.
c) The nurse will be able to diagnose the patient’s medical problem immediately.
d) The patient will have the best outcome from the stroke.
A
Rationale:The nursing process—using assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation—is a scientific problem-solving method that is transferrable to nonpatient problems. The process leads to optimal care but is ever changing and does not always identify issues without frequent alteration. The nursing process diagnoses nursing care problems but not medical problems. It is always the plan that the patient will achieve the best outcomes, but there are many factors that are involved in this process.
What statement is true regarding decision making?
A) It is an analysis of a situation
B) It is closely related to evaluation
C) It involves choosing between courses of action
D) It is dependent upon finding the cause of a problem
C
also One step in the problem-solving process
Feedback:
Decision making is a complex cognitive process often defined as choosing a particular course of action. Problem solving is part of decision making and is a systematic process
that focuses on analyzing a difficult situation.
Critical thinking, sometimes referred to as reflective thinking, is related to evaluation and has a broader scope than decision making and problem solving.
Which of the following statements is true regarding decision making?
A) Scientific methods provide identical decisions by different individuals for the
same problems
B) Decisions are greatly influenced by each person’s value system
C) Personal beliefs can be adjusted for when the scientific approach to problem
solving is used
D) Past experience has little to do with the quality of the decision
Ans: B
Our values often collide(crash) with one another
Feedback:
Values, life experience, individual preference, and individual ways of thinking will influence a person’s decision making. No matter how objective the criteria will be, value
judgments will always play a part in a person’s decision making, either consciously or subconsciously.
What influences the quality of a decision most often?
A) The decision maker’s immediate superior
B) The type of decision that needs to be made
C) Questions asked and alternatives generated
D) The time of day the decision is made
C
Feedback:
The greater the number of alternatives that can be genated by the decision maker, the better the final decision will be. The alternatives generated and the final choices are
What does a decision grid allow the decision maker to do?
A) Examine alternatives visually and compare each against the same criteria
B) Quantify information
C) Plot a decision over time
D) Predict when events must take place to complete a project on time
A
Feedback:
A decision grid allows one to visually examine the alternatives and compare each against the same criteria. Although any criteria may be selected, the same criteria are
used to analyze each alternative.
The nominal group technique requires group members to spend time writing down their ideas privately before sharing them.
True/False
T
