Exam 1 Questions Flashcards
What is the 3D structure of a protein determined by?
it’s primary structure
what is the function of a protein dependent on?
the 3D structure of a protein
in what form do isolated protein exist in?
1 or small number of stable bonds
which type of bond is the most important in stabilizing bonds for protein structure?
non-covalent bonds
what do ribosomes do?
synthesize proteins
peroxisome?
oxidizes fatty acids
cytoskeleton?
supports cell, aids In movement of organelles
Lysosome?
degrades intracellular debris
transport vesicle?
shuttle lipids and proteins between ER, Golgi, and plasma membrane
Golgi complex?
processes, packages, and targets proteins to other organelles or for export
Smooth endoplasmic reticiulum
site of lipid synthesis and drug metabolism
Nucleus
contains genes (chromatin)
Nucleolus
site of ribosomal RNA synthesis
Rough ER
site of much protein synthesis
Mitochondrion
oxidizes fuels to produce ATP
plasma membrane
separates cell from environment, regulated movement of materials into and out of cell
nuclear envelope
segregates chromatin (DNA + protein) from cytoplasm
starch granule
in chloroplasts and temporarily stores carbohydrate products of photosynthesis
thylakoids
site of light-driven ATP synthesis
Vacuole
degrades and recycles macromolecules, stores metabolites
plasmodesma
provides path between 2 plant cells
flagella
propel cell through its surroundings
pilli
provide points of adhesion to surface of other cells
is fibrinogen soluble?
yes and it circulates in the blood
what is the activated fibrinogen called? is it soluble?
fibrin, it’s not soluble and it helps with forming scabs
amino acids are weak or strong acids/base?
weak, they’re called ampholytes (when in water, can be an acid or base)
hydropathy index
how much something is afraid of water, a larger number is more fear, valine has a high number
why does proline act as a structural breaker?
there’s no H on the N after incorporation into a peptide, destabilizing it overall
circular dichroism
how proteins rotate light
which amino acids can get phosphorylated?
serine, tyrosine, threonine
