Exam 1 - Potter Ch: 1, 5, 6, & 14 Flashcards
List the Types of Precautions:
Standard, Transmission based, Droplet, and Contact
What is a Transmission based precaution?
Airborne: use for pts that have illness transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei (
How often do negative air pressure rooms exchange air?
6-12 x/hour
What are Standard Precautions?
Basic level of infection control & prevention used at all times. Used for every patient. Applies to: blood, bodily fluids, secretions, excretions (except sweat)
What is Droplet precaution?
Pts with serious illness transmitted by large particle droplets (> 5 microns). Door may remain open - transmission is limited to close contact (3 ft.) Ex: pertussis, influenza, rhinovirus, Group A Strep
What is Contact precaution?
Pts with a serious infection transmitted by direct patient contact. When possible private room should be used. Ok to have door open no need for masks transmission is limited to close contact
The nurse is often the first HCW to notice & discover symptoms of infection. Your duty is?
Begin to put in place strategies to prevent the spread of infection to protect yourself & others. Notify MD. Know your hospital’s policies & procedures to address the care of these patients. A dr’s order is NOT required to isolate pt. Contact the Infection Control department.
What is the chain of infection?
Infectious agent -> reservoir -> portal of exit -> transmission -> portal of entry -> host susceptibility -> (back to infectious agent)
What is the Nurses Role?
Hand hygiene, use of standard precautions, patient education, use of safety devices, cleaning & disinfection practices, removal of unnecessary invasive devices, use of “bundle strategies” for infection prevention, and fit for duty.
What is the most effective way to prevent infection?
Hand Hygiene!!!
Medical Asepsis is a _________ technique.
Clean
Surgical Asepsis is a ________ technique.
Sterile
What is the order to apply “donning” PPE?
Gown, mask, goggles, gloves
What is the order to remove “doffing” PPE?
Gloves, goggles, gown, mask - (don’t forget to wash hands after everything is removed)
To establish malpractice, the plaintiff must prove:
The nurse owed a duty to the patient, the nurse breached that duty, injury occurred because of the breach of duty, damages are accrued as a result of the injury.
Documentation as a nurse includes:
Patient assessments & reassessments, interventions, and evaluations
Always use objective statements when writing documentation. True or False?
True
What situations does a minor have consent for medical treatment?
- When they are married or they are a parent.
- Pregnancy (excluding abortions)
- Venereal disease
- Drug or substance abuse
It is mandatory for health care providers to report:
Abuse (sexual, child, or elder), rape, gunshot wounds, attempted suicide, certain communicable diseases, unsafe or impaired professionals.
Ethical Principles?
Autonomy, Justice, Nonmaleficience , Beneficence, Fidelity
Autonomy?
Commitment to include patients in decisions
Justice
Being fair
Nonmaleficience
Avoidance of harm or hurt
Beneficence?
Taking positive actions to help others
Fidelity?
Agreement to keep promises
Deontology?
Defines actions as right or wrong
Utilitarianism?
Proposes that the value of something is determined by its usefulness
Feminist Ethics?
Focuses on the inequality between people
Ethics of Care?
Emphasizes the importance of understanding relationships, especially as they are revealed in personal narratives
How to process an ethical dilemma?
- Ask, “is this an ethical dilemma?” 2. Gather all relevant information 3. Clarify values 4. Verbalize the problem 5. Identify possible courses of action 6. Negotiate a plan 7. Evaluate the plan
List the equipment that is part of: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Fluid resistant cover gowns, disposable gloves, makes, eye protection, (and shoe covers in OR)
