Exam 1 Patho Flashcards
Pathophysiology
the study of disease and injury and how they affect the body physiologically
Pathology
Laboratory study of cells and tissues
Disease
disruption in hemostasis
- can be physical, mental, or social
- i.e. CHF pt can’t do the things they want, depression/anxiety = chemical imbalance that leads to mental disruption, autism social disruption
Homeostasis
-steady state of internal chemical and physical condition
-body functions best in this normal range
Causes of Disease
Intrinsic conditions (something wrong inside the body)
- think over/under production of hormones or chemicals (DM and insulin), genes (genetic mutations), immunity (disease process that causes immune system to not function properly, autoimmune), age (oldest and youngest - age extremes), biologic gender (think uterine ca or prostate ca)
Extrinsic conditions (something from outside the body)
- think bacteria (i.e. Strep), virus, fungi, behaviors (smoking, alcohol intake), stress (immunity)
Identification of Disease (Process of Disease)
Signs : objective data
Symptoms : subjective data
Occurrence of Disease (Process of Disease)
How often does the disease occur? think when trying to dx the pt
i.e. December - fever, cough, body chills = flu
but in June…maybe not
Dx of Disease (Process of Disease)
Identification; putting a name to the disease
Etiology of Disease (Process of Disease)
Cause of the disease
Prognosis of Disease (Process of Disease)
Likelihood of getting back to baseline i.e. flu - couple of weeks, CHF - rest of life
Exposure (Stages of Disease)
Where did the person get this
Onset (Stages of Disease)
how quickly did the S/S occur?
- sudden
- insidious: slow and gradual (more common with chronic disease i.e. GI bleed)
- latent: not active, lies in wait (chicken pox and shingles)
- prodromal: indicating onset before get really sick, think chills
- manifestations: S/S
Remission (Stages of Disease)
disease no longer active
Convalescence (Stages of Disease)
recovering from the disease; how does the pt feel and are they back to baseline
Idiopathic Disease
don’t know the cause
Iatrogenic Disease
caused by treatment; something that the medical field did to the patient
i.e. pressure ulcers, HAI, medication errors, perforation of colon during colonoscopy
Exacerbation
acute worsening or decline in a person’s chronic disease
- i.e. asthma
hypo -
under, below
hyper -
above, over
- penia
lack of, deficiency
- cytosis
refers to cells, increase
- osis
process or condition, production or increase, invasion or infection
- itis
inflammation
- pathy
disease or suffering
Questions to ask about cough
productive, nonproductive
color
odor
consistency
amount
when - time of day
acute or chronic
allergies?
smoking?
medications?
heart issues?
lung issues?
