Exam 1 Part 2

Question 1

Refers to the ability to shift attention between mental sets, tasks, or operations.

Answer 1

Shifting

Question 2

Refers to the ability to monitor information as it enters
working memory, analyze it for relevance to the current task, and modify the contents of working memory by replacing older, less relevant information with information that is newer and more relevant

Answer 2

Updating

Question 3

Refers to the ability to consciously inhibit dominant

responses.

Answer 3

Inhibition

Question 4

Primarily mastered during the early elementary grades, and includes recognizing high-frequency
words, decoding, and understanding the conventions of print.

Answer 4

Basic literacy

Question 5

Typically mastered by the end of middle school, pertains to general comprehension, understanding the
meanings of common words, decoding low-frequency words, self-monitoring comprehension,
and reading fluently.

Answer 5

Intermediate literacy

Question 6

Comprised of the specialized linguistic skills needed for mastery of specific academic subjects

Answer 6

Disciplinary literacy

Question 7

What are the language disorders characterized by?

Answer 7

Deficits in the comprehension and/or production of spoken and/or written language in any combination of deficits of form, content, and use

Question 8

Language disorder in the absence of differentiating conditions.

Answer 8

Developmental language disorder (DLD)

Question 9

What are some risk factors for developing a language disorder for children who are 4 or younger?

Answer 9

No word combinations by age 2, lack of joint attention, making gestures, imitating body movements, family history of literacy problems

Question 10

What is a good marker for predicting language disorders in children ages 3-4?

Answer 10

Repetition

Question 11

What is another term for developmental language disorder (DLD)?

Answer 11

Specific language disorder

Question 12

What is an issue with using the term “developmental language disorder”

Answer 12

“Developmental” might be viewed as something that a child will grow out of it when it doesn’t

Question 13

Small units of language that carry meaning

Answer 13

Morpheme

Question 14

What is an example of derivational morphemes?

Answer 14

Happy changes to unhappy or happily

Question 15

Combines morphology and syntax; grammatical structure

Answer 15

Morphosyntax

Question 16

Ability to take another person’s perspective

Answer 16

Theory of mind

Question 17

Ability to build a mental representation; taking in information and making sense of it and encoding it

Answer 17

Working memory

Question 18

We have a certain amount of space for the ability to store and encode information simultaneously (working memory) if a person is at maximum capacity, the person will forget or not understand language

Answer 18

Capacity theory of comprehension

Question 19

Visuospatial sketchpad, episodic buffer, and phonological loop all interact to create executive functions

Answer 19

Baddeley model of working memory

Question 20

_____ repetition has been reveled as a phenotypic marker for a language disorder

Answer 20

Non-word