Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OB & Pediatrics > Exam 1 OB/peds > Flashcards

Exam 1 OB/peds Flashcards

1
Q

Nuclear Family

A

“traditional family”: Consists of a husband, wife and their children.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Extended Family

A

“multigenerational family” includes at least one parent, a child or children, and any combination of grandparents, aunts, uncles, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Single-Parent Family

A

One parent living at home with a child/children.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Blended Family

A

Father with a child or children from a previous relationship and a mother from a previous relationship, who marry and live together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cohabitating Family

A

A man and woman with or without child live together but unmarried

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Gay or Lesbian Family

A

Same sex adults with or without children.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Infant mortality Rate

A

number of infant deaths per 1000 live births in any given year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Infancy

A

Birth-1 year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Toddlerhood

A

1year- 3 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Preschool

A

3-6 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

School age

A

6-12 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Adolescent

A

12-18 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cephalocaudal growth

A

From head to toe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Proximodistal growth

A

From trunk to tips of extremities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Trust vs mistrust age

A

infant (birth -1yr)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Autonomy vs shame and doubt age

A

Toddlerhood (1-3 yrs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Initiative vs guilt

A

Preschool (3-6 yrs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Industry vs inferiority

A

School age (6-12 yrs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Identity vs role confusion

A

Adolescence (12-18yrs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Sensorimotor age

A

Birth-2yrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Preoperational stage age

A

2-7yrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Concrete Operational stage age

A

7-11 yrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Formal Operational Stage age

A

11-15 yrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

which stage is “the child develops trust as the primary caregiver meets the needs”

A

Trust vs mistrust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what stage is “the child learns to control his body functions and becomes increasingly independent, preferring to do things himself”

A

Autonomy versus shame and doubt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What stage is “the child learns about the world through play and develops a conscience”

A

Initiative versus guilt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What stage is “the children enjoys working on projects and with others, and tends to follow rules”

A

industry vs inferiority

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what stage is “changes in the childs body rapidly take place and the child is preoccupied with how they look.”

A

Identity versus role confusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Accomodation

A

draws on past experiences that are closest to his current problem to fix it. Learning and growing from your mistakes or experiences.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

During what stage does object permanence occur?

A

Sensorimotor stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Object permeneance

A

the understanding that objects and events continue to exists even when they cant be seen or heard or touched directly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

This stage is marked by egocentricity….

A

Preoperational stage (age 2-7)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is egocentrism

A

the child cant comprehend a point of view different from his own.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Transducive reasoning

A

generalization to the extent that items that share characteristics are labeled the same; (For example-if child gets scolded for being bad-then gets hurt-may put these two together)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

During this Piaget stage, the childs thought process becomes more logical and coherent.

A

Concrete operational stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

they can think abstractly in this Piaget stage

A

Formal operational stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

when does the anterior fontanel close!?

A

18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

When does the posterior fontanel usually close?!

A

2 months,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

When does the first tooth erupt?

A

6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

When does the first tooth lost?!

A

6 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

When do you measure head circumference?

A

From birth to 2 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What is important in newborn/infant formula for first 12 months?

A

Iron fortified formula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What to do to prevent flat spots on head

A

Supervised tummy time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What can cause dental caries in newborns?

A

Bottle proppeing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

what position for the baby to sleep?

A

ON back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What is a major component of health promotion?

A

Anticipatory guidance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Hematocrit and hemoglobin generally performed by what age

A

9-12 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Baby doubles weight by when

A

5 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Baby triples weight by when

A

12 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Oral health of infant

A

wipe the infants gum with soft moist gauze once or twice daily.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

When does the baby identify parents

A

6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

infant cry or protests when another person holds them is called what

A

Stranger anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

when is BMI checked ?

A

2years of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Limit fast food for toddlers to how often

A

1-2x a week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

toddlers- how many servings of fruit and vegetables

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

toddlers- how many servings of dairy

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Amount of physical activity for a toddler

A

60 minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Limit television for how long for toddlers and preschoolers

A

2 hrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Milk up to 2 years is what kind

A

whole milk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

After 2 yrs of age, what kind of milk do we switch them to?

A

Skim milk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

parent teaching for sleepwalkers

A

Parents should quietly talk and comfort the child, lead the child back to bed and allow child to return to sleep .

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Car seats for 20-40 pounds

A

use a convertible forward facing seat with full harness that has been placed in the back seat. HAve harness straps at or above shoulders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Car seat for 40 lbs and over 4 years of age

A

Belt positioning booster seat, in the back seat, uses both lap and shoulder belts, the lap belt positioned low and tight across the lap/upper thigh,and the shoulder belt is snug across the shoulder and chest.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Self-esteem

A

reflects feelings of self worth or value

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Self-concept

A

refers to evaluations of the self in certain specific areas, such as those related to academic achievements, athletic ability, physical appearance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Body image

A

The ideat that forms about ones body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

The persons view of self as a sexual being

A

sexuality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

limit what to prevent dental caries and excessive calories

A

Fruit juices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

What becomes important during preschool years?

A

Coordination (hand-eye)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

What becomes important during toddler years

A

activities that encourage future motor development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

when should the childs first dental appointment be

A

once first tooth erupts, no later than 1 year of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

For toddlers and preschoolers, what can the nurse do to make it easier to get vitals/proceures

A

Let the child play with the medical equipment, play games for the assessment, leave intrusive procedures last. Preschoolers are interested in body so teach them about their body parts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

What does eye prophylaxis of newborn protect against and when do you give it

A

within first hour after birth. Try to do it when baby is calm. It protects against opthalmia neonatorum caused by chlamydia and gonorrhoeae.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Vitamin k injection procedure to help the baby stay calm

A

place newborn on firm surface and have the parent gently hold the newborns arm across the newborns chest.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

Handling newborn directly after birth

A

wear gloves!!!!! Wash hands immediately before gloving and after gloves have been used.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

Signs of potential developmental delay in newborn

A

sucks poorly or feeds slowly, doesnt blink when shown bright light, doesnt focus and follow a nearby object moving side by side, rarely moves arms and legs, movements arent symmetrical, lacks muscle tone, limbs are consistetnly stretched out rather than flexed, and doesnt respond to loud sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

How far away can a newborn see?

A

8-12 inches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

The state of complete physical, mental, social, and physical well-being and not merely the absence of disease or illness (WHO

A

Health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

Activities that preserve an individual’s present state of health and/or that prevent disease or injury

A

Health Maintenance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

When and where are routine pediatric care provided

A

Clinics, physician office, school and mobile units. **Some children may not receive routine care so this should be assessed even on sick visits.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

Components of well child visit

A

Oral Health (Dental Caries are the most common chronic childhood problem). Mental & Spiritual Health. Disease Prevention (B/P, Vision). Contact with Family. General Observations. Growth & Development Surveillance. Nutrition. Physical Activity. Injury Prevention (Child Abuse, STD’s, Sports)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

How do you do a physical assessment on child

A

Sequencing-to accomodate to childs developmental need. No head to toe order, do what you can first, least invasive first.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

Assessment technique for infant

A

lie flat/parent’s arms; moro reflex last

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

Assessment technique for toddler

A

minimal; contact initially; eyes, ears, mouth last

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

Assessment technique for preschool

A

allow to handle equipment; head-2-toe, if cooperative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

Assessment technique for school-aged

A

respect privacy; explain procedures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

Assessment technique for adolescent

A

explain findings, respect privacy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

Growth measurements for infants

A

Recumbent length for infants up to 36 mo; ht, wt, head circumference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

Growth measurements for toddlers after 37 months

A

Standing ht and wt after 37 mos or when able to stand easil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

Outside expected parameters for growth chart

A

95th percentile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

Vital sign measurements for todlers/infants

A

1 - Count respirations before disturbing child
2 - Count AP HR for a full minute
3 – Measure BP, if applicable
4 – Measure temperature last

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

In children 1 year or older, easy rule of thumb to determine normal systolic BP

A

80 + (2 x age in yrs)

Normal diastolic BP is generally 2/3 of systolic BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

Determining cuff size

A

Cuff bladder width 40% of arm’s circumference measured midway between olecranon and acromion
Cuff bladder covers 80-100% of arm circumference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

Purposes for developmental assessment

A
  • Validation that a child is developing normally
  • Early detection of problems
  • Identification of concerns of caregivers and child
  • Opportunity for anticipatory guidance and teaching about age-appropriate expected behaviors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

Age of Denver developmental assessment

A

Birth- 6years at latest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

When do you repeat the denver screening if the behavior is outside of the norm

A

1 month later

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

When do you do BP?

A

between 2-3 years of age.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

Newborn care….

A 
first bath, Cord care
Vit K (Insufficient amount at birth) & Hep B Injections
Screenings (Hearing, metabolic)
Parent bonding
Feeding
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
99
Q

When do parents follow up with pediatrician after birth?

A

3-5 days and 1-2 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
100
Q

A weight loss of how much in the first week of life is considered normal for the bottle fed infant

A

5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
101
Q

A loss of how much is average in the first week for the breastfed infant

A

7%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
102
Q

Maximum weight loss percentage in the first week for newborns is normal?

A

10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
103
Q

Why do newborns lose weight?

A

the use of dry heat from radiant warmers and isolettes (incubators) causes insensible fluid loss, and babies are born with extra weight to help with the stress with transition. The use of I.V. fluids in labor causes a large shift of fluid from the mother to the fetus especially when D5W or Lactated Ringer’s is used

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
104
Q

How long does it take for mothers mature milk to come in?

A

3-5 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
105
Q

Newborns are farsighted or nearsighted

A

Nearsighted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
106
Q

A baby’s vision is between what?

A

between 20/200 and 20/400

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
107
Q

Best vision for a newborn is how far away

A

Best vision is about 8 to 12 inches away.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
108
Q

Health promotion for infants

A

Supervised “Tummy Time”
Allow free movement of hands & arms
Appropriate Toys (Mobile, Music Box, Mirror)
Turn baby’s head to prevent flat spots
Feeding-Alternate sides to encourage muscle tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
109
Q

Well checks for infants when?

A

1, 2, 4, 6, 9 and 12 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
110
Q

WHen does the baby get lead screening

A

9-12 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
111
Q

When does stranger and seperation anxiety occur

A

After 6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
112
Q

What is self regulation

A

The ability of the baby to comfort itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
113
Q

Why dont we need to do head on children older than 2?

A

Fontanels have closed by then

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
114
Q

What is ECC

A

Early childhood caries; one or more decayed, missing, or filled tooth surfaces in a child less than 6 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
115
Q

Nightmare vs night terrors

A

Night mares are frightening dreams that awaken the child who is often crying and upset. Night terrors are characterized by a child who cries out and appears frightened but theyre not fully awake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
116
Q

How often for school age children and adolescents need dental visits?

A

Every 6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
117
Q

Risk factor for multiple dental caries

A

low income and lack of dental insurance, sugary snacks and soda, no proper teeth brushing, no flouride

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
118
Q

Techniques for assessment of adolescent

A

Allow for private time. May want parent or friend present or may prefer to be alone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
119
Q

Screening for adolescent

A 
Height/Weight/Scoliosis/Breast or Testicular
Sexually Active: STD/Pap/Pelvic
If Menstruating may need CBC
BP Annually
If high risk-May need lipid panel
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
120
Q

What age do you stop flouride supplements

A

Age 14

121
Q

Hrs of sleep required for adolescents

A

9 hrs

122
Q

Immunizations for adolescent

A 
Tdap
MCV4
HPV for girls (8-26)
Flu
Hep A & B
123
Q

Role of the pediatric nurse

A

direct care to children and their families, case management, education to family and child, research, patient advocate

124
Q

Purpose of family centered care

A

Family is a constant that supports and influence the childs life

125
Q

Main causes of mortality in neonates

A

LBW, congenital malformations, and short gestations

126
Q

Main causes of mortality in Infants

A

Congenital defects and SIDS

127
Q

Main causes of mortality in children

A

Most common cause is unintentional injury, medical causes are congenital problems, cancer, and heart diseases

128
Q

What is morbidity

A

Illness or injury that limits activity, requires medical attention or hospitalization, or can result in a chronic condition

129
Q

What is the leading cause of hospitalization in kids ages 1-9

A

Repiratory illness

130
Q

What is the leading causes of hospitalization in adolescents

A

mental illness and pregnancy

131
Q

What can mature minors consent to? (ages 14-18)

A

May consent to certain procedures birth control, STD checks, mental health, blood transfusion

132
Q

Parent may make decision except when….

A

When the child and parent do not agree on major treatment options; the parents do not permit life-saving treatment; Child abuse

133
Q

“Baby Doe Regulation”

A

Defines the withholding of medically indicated treatment as child abuse; except when such care is futile

134
Q

2 or more individuals that are joined by marriage, birth, or adoption and live together

A

Definition of family

135
Q

Authoritarian parenting style

A

Controlling and cold; dictator; military type

136
Q

Authoritative parenting style

A

firm control and limits but more open and warm; boundaries but love;

137
Q

Permissive parenting style

A

warm and loving but sets few limits and boundaries; love but no boundaries

138
Q

Indifferent parenting style

A

Forgets about kids; may be busy with work or other concerns.; too busy or not caring

139
Q

Most accepted/wanted parenting style

A

Authoritative

140
Q

Child outcome in Authoritarian parenting style

A

no negotiation skills, no ability to direct and initiate own activities, may become fearful, withdrawn and unassertive, girls often passive and dependent during adolescents, boys often rebellious and aggressive, frustrated in efforts to achieve autonomy

141
Q

Child outcome in Authoritative parenting style

A

more willingly accepts restrictions, tends to be more self reliant, self controlled, and socially competent, higher self esteem, better school performance

142
Q

Child outcome in Permissive parenting style

A

may becomes rebellious, aggressive, socially inept, self indulgent, or impulsive. May be creative, active and outgoing

143
Q

Child outcome in INdifferent parenting style

A

May show high expression of destructive impulses and delinquent behavior

144
Q

Appropriate time out…

A

1 minute per 1 year of age

145
Q

Effects of divorce on children aged 3-5

A

fear, anger, worry, sorrow, anxiety, regression, searching and questioning, temper tantrums, increased crankiness and aggression, self-blame, loneliness, unhappiness, and depression

146
Q

Effects of divorce on children aged 6-8

A

worry, anxiety, depression, fantasy, self-blame, inability to concentrate on schoolwork, regression, confusion, grief, anger, aggression, resentment, behavioral problems at school and home

147
Q

Effects of divorce on children aged 9-10

A

anger, anxiety, depression, grief, manipulation of parents, withdrawn from friends and activities, resentment, behavioral problems at school and home

148
Q

Effects of divorce on children aged 11-13

A

Panic, fear, depression, guilt, risk taking, fear of loneliness and abandonment, and denial

149
Q

Effects of divorce on children aged 14-17

A

struggle with morality, loneliness, anger, fear, depression, guilt, truancy, use of drugs and alcohol, and sexual acting out.

150
Q

Culturally sensitive communication in peds

A 
Avoid professional jargon
Let family choose sit/stand position
Offer service of interpreter
Repeat important info more than 1x
Learn basic words of family’s language
151
Q

THe posterior fontanel closes….

A

2-3 months

152
Q

Anterior fontanel and open sutures palpable until….

A

18 months

153
Q

The body surface area is large for weight, making baby susceptible for what

A

Hypothermia

154
Q

Short trachea under 5 making children susceptible to what

A

Foreign body obstruciton

155
Q

Primary breathing muscle up to 4-5 years

A

Diaphragm

156
Q

Pediatric assessment technique in infant > 6 months

A 
Stranger Anxiety (Examine in parent’s lap)
May start with feet/hands to ease fear
157
Q

Assessment technique in Toddlers

A

Stranger anxiety
Let child have control/choices
Sequencing

158
Q

Assessment technique in preschoolers

A

Touch and play with equipment
Positive feedback
Distraction

159
Q

Assessment technique for school age

A

Modesty/Privacy
Head-to-toe can now be used
Offer explanations/tell child what you are doing
Choices
Include child in care-let them listen to heart, lungs

160
Q

Assessment technique for adolescents

A

Privacy/Modesty
Head-to-toe sequence
Reassurance about changes such as puberty, etc

161
Q

Proper weighing for infants and toddlers

A

Remove all clothing/needs to have dry diaper on. Record in pounds & ounces
Baby scale” either sitting/lying on scale

162
Q

Measure head circumference in what

A

Centimeters

163
Q

Proper length assessment for toddlers and infants

A

Under 2 yr. old-measure length lying down. Record in inches

164
Q

Proper height assessment for preschool and school aged

A

Stadiometer to measure height-make sure child does not have shoes on.

165
Q

Proper weight assessment for preschool and school aged

A

Standing scale. Younger kids in underwear, older in street clothes with shoes and other heavy clothing off

166
Q

Coronal suture

A

Across at the front of head

167
Q

Sagittal suture

A

Runs down the middle

168
Q

Lambdoid suture

A

across at the back of head

169
Q

What could be important to teach a child/family about hospitalization??

A

Do not play with IV pump, lines, cords
Do not chew on lines, cords
Bedrails/crib rails up when parent is not present
Remove all syringe caps and other items that kids could choke on

170
Q

Safety measures for hospitalized child

A

Box 11- 3

171
Q

Can help care for the child, provide a sense of security, for a hospitalized child?

A

Rooming- in. The parent staying the night with them

172
Q

Who plans activities and age-appropriate care for a child that is hospitalized; Great resource to use

A

Chil-life specialist

173
Q

Instead of saying “We will give you some dye in your arm”

A

Say “We will put some warm medicine into your arm.”

174
Q

Instead of saying “I will give you a shot”

A

Say “I will give you some medicine through a small needle”

175
Q

Instead of saying “This will hurt or burn”

A

Say “It might feel sore or very warm.”

176
Q

Instead of saying “The doctor will make a small cut/incision”

A

Say “The doctor will make a small opening”

177
Q

Instead of saying “You are going to have some anesthesia”

A

say “You will get some medicine that you breathe or get through your arm to make you sleep.”

178
Q

Instead of saying “The medicine tastes bad”

A

“Some children say the medicine tastes different to them.”

179
Q

What is growth:

A

Quantitative-refers to the increase in physical size such as height, weight, head circumference, number of words in vocabulary

180
Q

What is development

A

Refers to an increase in capability or function (ability to sit up by self, throw a ball)

181
Q

Example of Assimilation

A

Child uses reflexes to suck on things that touch lips (Ex. Pacifier, Bottle)

182
Q

Example of Accomodation

A

Child learns that not all things that touch lips are pleasant to suck

183
Q

Conservation is learned in this piaget stage

A

Concrete Operational

184
Q

What is conservation

A

(Matter does not change when it’s form is altered)

Example-putting a drink in a small container and then into large container is still the same amount of drink

185
Q

Ecologic Theory

A

Theory that believes that each child brings a certain set of genes to a certain environment in which he or she interacts; Nature vs Nurture; Mesosystem, microsystem, macrosystem, chronosystem, Exosystem

186
Q

MIcrosystem

A

Level of daily constant relationships
Home, daycare, school, friends, neighbors
Reciprocal Relationship

187
Q

Meosystem

A

Relationship of microsystems together

188
Q

Exosystem

A

Settings that influence the child although the child is not in daily contact with this setting
Example: Parent’s work may influence the child (Overtime, inflexible hours, demanding schedule)

189
Q

Macrosystem

A

Beliefs, values, and culture which the child is brought up in
Example: Politics and religion

190
Q

Chronosystem

A

The time period in which the child grows up

Example: How would a child that grew up in the 1950’s differ from a child today?

191
Q

Goodness of Fit

A

Occurs when parents expectations meet with child’s type of temperament

192
Q

Nursing intervention for short attention span temperment

A

Provide projects that can be completed in short periods and gradually work up

193
Q

Shy child temperament nursing intervention

A

Allow time to adjust

194
Q

Nursing intervention for easily stimulated temperament

A

Place in quiet room to sleep; quite room to do homework

195
Q

Resiliency Theory

A

Examines the individuals characteristics and interaction with the environment.
Family/Child experience a crisis that produces stress.
Family/child deals with crisis based on resources available.
Each family has protective factors and risk factors.

196
Q

Height increases by how much in first year after birth?

A

1 foot

197
Q

What is growth closely associated with

A

Type and quality of feeding/nutrition

198
Q

Kidneys and livers in infant

A

Not fully mature at 12 months but are have matured-this helps child excrete drugs or toxic substances better than at birth

199
Q

Type of play for infant

A

solitary play; Primarily alone, but enjoys having others present

200
Q

Communication for infant; what is higher…understanding or what they can say

A

Understanding (Receptive speech)

201
Q

receptive speech

A

WHat they can understand

202
Q

Expressive speech

A

What they can say

203
Q

What could abnormalities in commuication mean…

A

Abnormalities in communication could indicate a hearing problem, developmental delay, or lack of stimulation

204
Q

Type of play for toddlers

A

Parallel play- May play next to each other-may occasionally speak or trade toys but not really interact
Copy things seen at home-cook, use hammer

205
Q

Temper tantrums normal age.

A

Toddlers

206
Q

NUrsing care for toddler

A

Speak frequently and use simple terms, give short clear insructions, dont perform treatment in toddler bed or room, allow for rewards, praise toddler

207
Q

Play for preschoolers

A

Associative play-interact with others- one cuts paper, one pastes. Dramatic play too! Fantasy is ver bid.

208
Q

Vocaublary amount for preschoolers

A

2000 words, uses complete sentences, knows lots of words but only understands literal meaning.

209
Q

Egocentrism is seen in what age

A

Preschoolers

210
Q

Implications for Preschool age

A

Let them play will medical equipment, use pictures that are concrete

211
Q

Growth spurts or girls

A

9-10 years old

212
Q

Growth spurt age for boys

A

1 year after girls or age 13

213
Q

Typ of play for school age

A

Cooperative

214
Q

Communication for School aged kid:

A

Grammar and pronunciation, understands conservaton.

215
Q

Puberty for girls

A

Develop breasts and pubic hari, then begin menstrual cycle,

216
Q

Puberty for boys

A

Voice deepens, penis and testicles get larger and facial hair and pubic hair growth

217
Q

Type of play for toddlers

A

Parallel play- May play next to each other-may occasionally speak or trade toys but not really interact
Copy things seen at home-cook, use hammer

218
Q

Temper tantrums normal age.

A

Toddlers

219
Q

NUrsing care for toddler

A

Speak frequently and use simple terms, give short clear insructions, dont perform treatment in toddler bed or room, allow for rewards, praise toddler

220
Q

Play for preschoolers

A

Associative play-interact with others- one cuts paper, one pastes. Dramatic play too! Fantasy is ver bid.

221
Q

Vocaublary amount for preschoolers

A

2000 words, uses complete sentences, knows lots of words but only understands literal meaning.

222
Q

Egocentrism is seen in what age

A

Preschoolers

223
Q

Implications for Preschool age

A

Let them play will medical equipment, use pictures that are concrete

224
Q

Growth spurts or girls

A

9-10 years old

225
Q

Growth spurt age for boys

A

1 year after girls or age 13

226
Q

Typ of play for school age

A

Cooperative

227
Q

Communication for School aged kid:

A

Grammar and pronunciation, understands conservaton.

228
Q

Puberty for girls

A

Develop breasts and pubic hari, then begin menstrual cycle,

229
Q

Puberty for boys

A

Voice deepens, penis and testicles get larger and facial hair and pubic hair growth

230
Q

The effectiveness of oral contraceptives is decreased when the following medications:

A 
Barbiturates
Anticonvulsant
Antifungals (griseofulvin)
Antibiotics (ampicillin, tetracycline,rifampin
Oral hypoglycemics
Anticoagulants
231
Q

ACHES meaning of each Letter

A

Abdominal Pain (r/t gallbladder or liver problem)
Chest Pain (r/t blood clot in heart or lung)
Headaches (r/t HTN or cardiovascular accident)
Eye Problems (r/t HTN or vascular accident)
Severe Leg Pain (r/t thromboembolics)

232
Q

PAINS meaning of each letter

A

Period late, abnormal bleeding or spotting
Abdonimal pain, pain with coitus
Infection exposure, abnormal vaginal discharge
Not feeling well, fever or chills
String missing, shorter or longer

233
Q

What is ACHES acronym for?

A

Potential complications of Oral Contraceptions

234
Q

What is PAINS acronym for?

A

Potential complications of IUD

235
Q

How long is copper IUD good for?

A

10 years

236
Q

How long is the mirena good for?

A

5 years

237
Q

Recommendations for IUD

A

Clients with at least one child
Have no history of PID
Stable, mutually monogamous relationship

238
Q

Client teaching of IUD

A

Check string once a week for the first month after insertion, then once after each menses.

239
Q

Name for a transdermal hormonal contraception

A

Ortho Evra

240
Q

Benefits of oral contraceptives

A

Reduction in ectopic pregnancy, PID, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, colorectal cancer, iron deficiency anemia, benign breast disease
Reduction in perimenopausal s/s

241
Q

Estrogen effects

A 
Alterations in lipid metabolism
Breast tenderness, engorgement, increased breast size
Cerebrovascular accident
Changes in carbohydrate metabolism
Chloasma
Fluid retention; cyclic weight gain
Headache
Hepatic adenomas
Hypertension
Leukorrhea, cervical erosion, ectopia
Nausea
Nervousness,irritatibility
Telengiectasia
Thromboembolic complications-
Thrombophlebitis, pulmonary embolism
242
Q

What is norplant

A

subdermal implant

243
Q

Norplant effective for how long

A

5 years

244
Q

Norplant isnt effective in women…

A

who weigh more than 154lbs

245
Q

Depot-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate(DMPA) (Depo-Provera)

A

fertility wont come back till after 9 months from stopping, take calcium supplements, not recommended for more than 2 years, suppresses ovulation and thickens mucus

246
Q

NUrsing care for depot shot

A

the site should NOT be massaged after the injection because this action can hasten the absorption and shorten the period of effectiveness

247
Q

After vasectomy, what does it take to clear sperm?

A

6-36 ejaculations, or 4-6 weeks

248
Q

Side effects of vasectomy

A

Pain, infection, hematoma, sperm granulomas, reconnecting

Safer than Tubal Ligation

249
Q

Patient teaching for vasectomy

A

Use another form of BC
Bring in 2 or 3 semen samples for sperm count
Recheck at 6 and 12 months to ensure that fertility has not been restored.

250
Q

What is done after Essure

A

3 months after placement, tubal occlusion is confirmed by hysterosalpingogram

251
Q

Contraindications for Essure

A

allergic to nickel

252
Q

Culture that believes in IUD and sterilization

A

Chinese

253
Q

Who uses oral contraceptions but apposed to abortions

A

African Americans

254
Q

who uses Abstinence, Rhythm, believes abortion is seen as morally wrong and has Prolonged breastfeeding

A

Mexicans

255
Q

WHo Value large families and Birth control is NOT used

A

American Indians and Native Alaskins

256
Q

Example of Alternative Therapy

A

A childbearing mother will replace medication that will induce labor for herbs, that she believes will induce her. (or casterol will give contractions)

257
Q

Example of Complementary therapy

A

Therapy used along side conventional medicine; A woman uses aroma therapy post cesarian birth to help her with pain. Indian spices used have an antimicrobial effect.

258
Q

is an excellent choice for women desiring long-term contraception who cannot take estrogen

A

Implanon

259
Q

available for lactating women, or those who cannot take estrogen

A

Long acting depo injection

260
Q

A nurse is explaining to a female client about the advantages and disadvantages of using an intrauterine device. Which of the following is a disadvantage of intrauterine devices?

A

Increased bleedig during mesese

261
Q

s/sx of tss

A

high fever, sore throat, weakness, fainting, diarrhea/vomiting, muscle aches, and a rash.

262
Q

The lifespan of sperm is

A

2-7 days

263
Q

Studies show that what reduces the incidence of neural tube defects such as anencephaly and spina bifida

A

folic acid supplementation of at least 400 mcg/day taken 1 to 3 months preconceptually and continues through the first trimester

264
Q

The average time between breast development and menarche is

A

2.3 yrs

265
Q

Studies show that what reduces the incidence of neural tube defects such as anencephaly and spina bifida

A

folic acid supplementation of at least 400 mcg/day taken 1 to 3 months preconceptually and continues through the first trimester

266
Q

used as the first line therapy to induce ovulation if the woman has normal ovaries, intact pituitary gland and normal prolactin levels

A

Clomiphene citrate

267
Q

when does ovulation occur when taking clomiphene citrate

A

5-9 days after the last dose

268
Q

After the first treatment cycle with clomiphene citrate, what should happen?

A

A pelvic ultrasound should be done to rule out ovarian enlargement, ovarian cysts, or hyperstimulation

269
Q

Side effects of clomiphene citrate

A

Side effects include hot flashes, abdominal distention, bloating, breast discomfort, nausea and vomiting, vision problems, headache, and dryness or loss of hair.

270
Q

The woman can do what to relieve side effects of clomphene citrate

A

The woman can increase her fluids and use fans to obtain relief from side effects

271
Q

How many cycles of clomiphene citrate can you do

A

It can be taken no more than 6 ovulatory cycls.

272
Q

What can induce ovulation in women with PCOS.

A

oral hypoglycemia agents (e.g. metformin and rosiglitazone)

273
Q

They are indicated as a first line therapy for the anovulatory infertile woman with low to normal levels of FSH and LH

A

Gonadotropins (Including menotropin and urofollitropin)

274
Q

The only monosomy of an entire chromosome that is compatilble with life is what

A

45, X (Turner Syndrome).

275
Q

Herbs frequently recommended to treat infertility include what

A

ginseng and astragalus—watermelon.

276
Q

Examples of Autosomal Dominant Inheritance:

A

Huntington’s disease, myotonic dystrophy. polycystic kidney disease, neurofibromatosis, achondroplastic dwarfism

277
Q

examples of Autosomal Recessive Disorder

A

PKU, Tay-Sachs, Cystic Fibrosis, galactosemia, sickle cell anemia.(SCD)

278
Q

Examples of Autosomal Dominant Inheritance:

A

Huntington’s disease, myotonic dystrophy.

279
Q

Examples of X- Linked Dominant

A

Vitamin D-resistant rickets–both males & females are affected

280
Q

examples of X-Linked Recessive

A

Hemophilia, duchenne muscular dystrophy, some forms of color blindness and fragile X syndrome, which is the most common form of inherited intellectual disability (mental retardation) second to down syndrome.

281
Q

Examples of X- Linked Dominant

A

Vitamin D-resistant rickets `

282
Q

The outermost membrane to form

A

chorion

283
Q

WHen can chorionic villi be used for testing of the embry

A

8-11 weeks

284
Q

At 10 weeks, how much amniotic fluid do you have

A

30 mL

285
Q

At 20 weeks, how much amniotic fluid do you have

A

350 mL

286
Q

After 20 weeks, how much amniotic fluid do you have

A

700-1000 mL

287
Q

Baby swallows how much amniotic fluid every 24 hrs

A

600 mL

288
Q

How much Amniotic fluid flows from the lungs

A

400 mL

289
Q

Oligohydramnios

A

less than 400 mL of amniotic fluid;
Abnormalities of fetal urine
Obstruction of urine flow (Potter’s syndrome)

290
Q

Hydramnios, polyhydramnios

A 
> 2000 mL amniotic fluid...
Bartter’s syndrome
If the fetus does not swallow AF....
Esophageal atresia
anencephalus
291
Q

What happens in cord with 2 vessels…

A

Cardiac and GI congenital abnormalities

292
Q

Produce RBCS for the first 6 weeks until the liver takes over

A

Yolk Sac

293
Q

What happens in cord with 2 vessels…

A

Cardiac and GI congenital abnormalities

294
Q

Average cord size

A

2 cm wide and 55 cm long

295
Q

cord that encircles the fetal neck

A

Nuchal cord

296
Q

Funic souffle

A

Synchronous with the fetal heartbeat and the flow of fetal blood through the umbilical arteries

297
Q

Uterine Souffle

A

Synchronous with the mother’s pulse and heard above the mother’s symphysis pubis and is caused by blood flow entering the dilated uterine arteries

298
Q

fetus skin thickens at what weeks

A

23-25 weeks

299
Q

Major mechanism by which amniotic fluid is removed in the last half of pregnancy is

A

fetal swallowin

OB & Pediatrics (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions