EXAM 1 MOA

Question 1

Organochlorine (DDT)

Answer 1

Na channels remain open

K channels don’t open completely

Question 2

Organochlorine (Chlorinated As)

Answer 2

GABA receptor antagonist

Question 3

D-Limonene

Answer 3

Unknown

Nephrotoxic

Question 4

Metaldehyde

Answer 4

Decrease brain GABA

Increase Monamine oxidase

Question 5

Organophosphates

Answer 5

Irreversible inhibition of cholinesterase (Non-competative inhibition)

1) muscarinic receptor overstimulation (slow)
2) Nicotinic receptor overstimulation (fast)
3) Nicotinic blockade

Question 6

Carbamates

Answer 6

Reversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (competative inhibition)

Question 7

Napthalene

Answer 7

Oxidative metabolites (oxides) 
hemolysis and methemoglobin

Question 8

Nicotine

Answer 8

Cholinergic receptor agonist

Low dose: mimic acetylcholine and stimulate post synaptic nicoticic receptors

High dose: nicotinic blockade

Question 9

Neonicotinoids

Answer 9

Irreversible inhibition of cholinesterase (Non-competative inhibition)

Question 10

Rotenone

Answer 10

blocks oxidative phosphorylation in TCA cycle
interferes with electron transport chain and NADH
Formation of ROS

Question 11

Amitraz

Answer 11

a2 agonist in CNS 
a1 + a2 agonist in peripheral and ANS 
Monamine oxidase inhibitor 
Octopamine receptor antagonist 
Inhibition of prostaglandin

Question 12

Ivermectin

Answer 12

GABA receptor agonist

Question 13

Pyrethrins and Pyrethroids

Answer 13

Na channels remain open
K channels don’t open completely

Type II Pyrethroids
GABA receptor antagonist
Inhibit Ca/Mg ATPase

Question 14

DEET

Answer 14

Undetermined