Exam 1 Material Flashcards
Sensory neurons enter the spinal cord via the ____ root.
dorsal
____ excitation of the cerebral cortex is necessary for almost all cortical activity
Thalamic
Sensory neurons enter the spinal cord via the dorsal root and then synapse with the interneurons and/or motor neurons in the ____ matter.
gray
Motor neurons exit the spinal cord via the ____ root to go to effectors.
ventral
what makes up gray matter?
neuron cell bodies and interneurons
What makes up white matter?
neuron axons
The dorsal columns and spinothalamic tract contains:
ascending sensory axons
The corticospinal tract contains:
descending motor axons
The dorsal column contains sensory information including:
vibration, position, 2-point discrimination, and deep touch
Is the dorsal column ipsilateral or contralateral?
Ipsilateral
Carries info from the same side of the body:
Ipsilateral
Is the dorsal column tract motor or sensory?
sensory
Is the corticospinal tract motor or sensory?
motor
Is the corticospinal tract ipsilateral or contralateral?
Ipsilateral
The corticospinal tract contains motor info including:
paralysis, paresis, spasticity, hyper-reflexia, clonus, babinski sign
The corticospinal tract contains descending axons that are carrying motor info to control _____ on the same side of the body
skeletal muscles
Is the spinothalmic tract motor or sensory?
sensory
Is the spinothalmic tract ipsilateral or contralateral?
contralateral
The spinothalmic tract contains sensory axons that transmit information up to the brain about:
pain and temperature
The brain breaks downs into what 6 sections?
- cerebrum
- diencephalon
- midbrain
- pons
- medulla oblongata
- cerebellum
The cerebral cortex is considered what type of matter?
grey matter
What specialized areas reside within the frontal lobe of the cerebrum?
premotor cortex, primary motor cortex, prefrontal cortex, and brocas area
What specialized areas reside within the parietal lobe of the cerebrum?
primary sensory cortex & primary gustatory cortex
What specialized areas reside within the temporal lobe within the cerebrum?
primary auditory cortex, primary olfactory cortex, wernicke’s area
What specialized areas reside within the occipital lobe within the cerebrum?
Primary visual cortex
For each sensory type, there is a ____ area and this is what receives the sensory info and allows us to perceive it. But there is also a ____ area, and this provides the context and meaning.
primary area; association area
In about 95% of people, the left hemisphere is the ____ hemisphere
dominant/categorical
Allows for information stored in one hemisphere available to the opposite hemisphere:
corpus callosum
receive and analyze signals from multiple regions of both sensory and motor cortices and subcortical areas
association areas
Brocas area is located in the ___ lobe
Wernickes area is lovated in the ___ lobe
frontal lobe; temporal lobe
Mr. Broca puts on a front
Mr. Wernicke has a temper
Where are the preganglionic neurons located in the SNS
lateral gray horn of spinal cord
Where are the preganglionic neurons located in the PNS?
motor nuclei of cranial nerves 3,7,9,10
In the autonomic nervous system, all preganglionic fibers realease _____ that bind to _____ on the post-ganglionic neuron
ACh that bind to nicotinic receptors (type Nn)
Acetylcholine activates )))) receptors in the
