Exam 1 - Linear Kinematics Flashcards
Kinematics
description of spatial (space) and temporal (time) components of motion
-involves position, velocity and acceleration of a body without concern for the forces which cause motion
Scalar
fully described by their amount or magnitude
Vector
described by both magnitude and direction
Linear Motion
translation rectilinear translation (straight line) curvilinear translation (not so straight line)
Angular Motion
rotation
rolling motion
General Motion
combination of translation and rotation (linear and angular motion)
Linear Kinematics
position distance (d) displacement (s) speed = d/t velocity = v = s/t acceleration = a = (v-u)/t
Position
location in space
use cartesian coordinates (+/-)
can be 3 dimensional
- must add z-axis
Distance
length of the path followed
scalar quantity
unit: meters (m)
represent: d
total path covered
Displacement
straight line distance in a specific direction from start to finish
vector quantity
unit: m
represent: s
Speed
the distance an object has traveled divided by the time it took the object to travel the distance
speed = d/t
scalar quantity
unit: m/s
Velocity
the displacement of an object (straight-line distance in a specific direction) divided by the time it took to travel that displacement
v = s/t
vector quantity
unit: m/s
Acceleration
rate of change in velocity
a = (v-u)/t
vector quantity
units: m/s2
direction of motion does not indicate the direction of the acceleration
if +, then force speeds up
if -, then force slows down
0, then no change; constant velocity
**with gravity acceleration is always negative
Uniform Acceleration
- occurs when the external force acting on an object is constant and unchanging
- does not happen often
- acceleration of gravity
relatively short jumps like long jump or high jump
