Exam 1 Lecture Flashcards
The branch of anatomy that deals with the structure of organs and tissues that are visible to the naked eye.
gross anatomy
A branch of anatomy that relies on the use of microscopes to examine the smallest structures of the body, tissues, cells, and molecules.
microscopic anatomy
The branch of biology that deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their parts.
Physiology
A state of balance among all the body systems needed for the body to function and survive correctly.
Homeostasis
Vertical plane passing through the center of the body.
median plane
Vertical plane passing through the body parallel to the median plane.
sagittal plane
Vertical plane passing through the body at right angles to the sagittal plane.
frontal plane
Horizontal plane passing through the body at right angles to the sagittal and frontal planes.
transverse plane
Plane passing through the body at an angle other than 90 degrees.
oblique plane
Supports organs and other tissues structurally or metabolically. Has much intercellular substance and few, widely scattered cells.
connective tissue
Type of connective tissue that included loose and dense connective tissue.
connective tissue proper
Connective tissue that fills the spaces between the different organs and connects the skin to the underlying muscles.
areolar
Connective tissue that forms a scaffolding for other cells in several organs, scubas lymph nodes and bone marrow.
reticular
Connective tissue that occurs as subcutaneous fat, visceral fat, and intramuscular fat.
adipose
Type of connective tissue that makes up tendons.
regular
Type of connective tissue that makes up ligaments.
elastic
Type of connective tissue that makes up the deep dermis.
irregular
Type of cartilage that makes up the trachea, costal cartilages, and joint surfaces.
hyaline
Type of cartilage that makes up the external ear.
elastic
Type of cartilage that makes up intervertebral discs.
irregular
The part of the skeleton that is made up of the skull, vertebral column, rib cage, and hyoid bone.
axial skeleton
The part of the skeleton that is made up of the pectoral girdle and pelvic girdle.
appendicular skeleton
Type of muscle tissue that is voluntary, striated, has large cylindrical cells, sarcomeres, and is multinucleated.
skeletal muscle
Type of muscle tissue that is involuntary, has small spindle shaped cells, and is uninucliated.
smooth muscle
Type of muscle tissue that is involuntary, striated, has small branched cells, intercalated discs, modified sarcomeres, and is uninucliated.
cardiac muscle
Thin sheets of tissue that cover structures or line cavities.
membranes
Type of membrane that includes the epithelium, CT proper, and dense irregular CT.
cutaneous
Type of membrane that lines cavities that are open to the exterior. Secretes mucin to protect and lubricate.
mucous
Type of membrane that lines the body cavities that are closed to the exterior and organs. Produce a thin, watery fluid.
serous
Type of membrane that lines synovial joint cavities, produces a viscous liquid to reduce friction in joints, and does not have an epithelial component.
synovial
Known as vertebra prominens, is the start of the thorax.
C7
Layers of the thoracic wall.
Skin, superficial fascia, deep fascia
Artery that extends from the aorta/brachiocephalic trunk to the lateral edge of the first rib. Supplies the anterior thoracic wall.
subclavian
Artery that branches off the first part of the subclavian artery and gives off the anterior intercostal artery.
internal thoracic (mamamry)
Artery that extends from the lateral edge of the first rib to the inferior border of the teres major. Divides into three parts by the pectorals minor muscle.
axillary