Exam 1 Lab Flashcards
What are the four tissue types?
Connective, Epithelial, Muscle, Nervous
How are the 3 muscle types different?
Skeletal - moves bones and other structures
Cardiac - contracts the heart to pump blood
Smooth - changes shape to facilitate bodily functions
Connective tissues can be solid, liquid, or in-between. Give an example of each
cartilage
tendons, and ligaments
blood
What direction is up? Which is down?
up = superior
down = inferior
What direction is front? Which is back?
front = anterior
back = posterior
What direction is in? Which is out?
in = medial
out = lateral
What direction is up? Which is down?
up = proximal
down = distal
What plane is this?
sagittal
What plane is this?
frontal or coronal
What plane is this?
transverse
What plane is the blue?
midsagittal plane
What are the 3 vertebral columns?
top = cervical
middle = thoracic
botton = lumbar
What is that red spot called?
atlas articulates
Where is the sacrum and coccyx?
Where are the ribs and sternum?
How are the ribs articulate with vertebral column?
with two thoracic vertebrae by the costovertebral joint
Axial Skeleton - Bony marking for the atlas?
superior articulating facets
Axial Skeleton - Bony marking for the axis?
Odontoid process or dens (Dens axis)
Bony marking for the cervical vertebrae?
body
transverse foramen
superior+inferior articular/process facet
spinous process
1-body
2-transverse foramen
3-superior+inferior articular/process facet
5-spinous process
Bony marking for the thoracic vertebrae?
body
rib facets of vertebra
rib facets transverse process
spinous process
superior+inferior articular/process
1-body
2-rib facets of vertebra
4-transverse process
5-spinous process
6-superior+inferior articular/process
Bony marking for the lumbar vertebrae?
body
inferior articulating process
superior articular process
spinous process
1-body
3-inferior articulating process
5-superior articular process
7-spinous process
Bony marking is this on the sacrum?
Transverse lines or ridges
Bony marking for the sternum?
body
xiphoid process
manubrium
2-body
3-xiphoid process
5-manubrium
Bony marking for the ribs?
body/shaft
head
costal groove
3-body/shaft
5-head
9-costal groove
What are the sultures of the cranial vault?
sagittal
coronal
squamous
lambdoid
a-sagittal
b-coronal
c-squamous
d-lambdoid
What are wormian bones?
additional small bones sometimes found between the cranial sutures of the bones of the skull vault,
What are the 3 cranial fossa of cranial vault?
top/front- anterior
middle - middle
bottom/back- posterior
What bony markings is this frontal?
1-frontal
What bony markings is this parietal?
2-parietal
What are the bony markings in the Mandible mandibular bone?
1-mandibular
What are the bony markings in the Mandible ramus bone?
3-ramus
What are the bony markings in the Mandible angle bone?
4-angle
What are the bony markings in the Mandible mental foramen bone?
10-mental foramen
Where are the bony markings of inferior angle on the scapula?
2-inferior angle
Where are the bony markings of superior border on the scapula?
3-superior border
Where are the bony markings of glenoid cavity on the scapula?
5-glenoid cavity
Where are the bony markings of medial border on the scapula?
6-medial border
Where are the bony markings of lateral border on the scapula?
7-lateral border
Where are the bony markings of coracoid process on the scapula?
8-coracoid process
Where is the acromion on the scapula?
1-acromion
Where is the spine on the scapula?
2-spine
Where is the coracoid angle on the scapula?
3-coracoid angle
Where is the inferior angle on the scapula?
4-inferior angle
What bony markings is this temporal?
4-temporal
What bony markings is this occipital?
5-occipital
What bony markings is this sphenoid?
3-sphenoid
What bony markings is this ethmoid?
6-ethmoid
Where are the nasal bones?
1-nasal bones
Where are the lacrimal bones?
2-lacrimal bones
Where are the inferior nasal concha bones?
3-inferior nasal concha bones
Where are the maxilla bones?
4-maxilla bones
Where are the mandible bones?
5-mandible bones
Where are the palatine bones?
6-palatine bones
Where are the zygomatic bones?
7-zygomatic bones
Where are the vomer bones?
8-vomer bones
Which is the acromial on the clavicle? And which is the sternal?
apple = acromial
spinach = sternal
Name the bony markings on Humerus.
h-head
gt-greater tubercle
lt-lesser tubercle
dt-deltoid tuberosity
of-olecranon fossa
me-medial epicondyle
le-lateral epicondyle
Name the bony markings on Raduis.
h-head
s-shaft
sp-styloid process
Name the bony markings on Ulna.
rn-radial notch
op-olecranon process
s-shaft
sp-styloid process
How many bones are in the metacarpals?
5 in each hand
How many bones are in the carpals?
8 in each hand
What are the bones called in the phalanges?
orange-distal
blue-intermediate
green-proximal
Number system for phalanges?
thumb-1
index-2
middle-3
ring-4
pinky-5
How many phalanges bones are there?
14
What is color is the acetabulum? Os Coxa
yellow
What color is the obdurator foramen? Os Coxa
white
What color is the Ilium? Os Coxa
purple
Name all the bony markings on the Ilium…
iliac creast
anterior superior iliac spine
anterior inferior iliac spine
posterior superior iliac spine
posterior inferior iliac spine
greater sciatic notch
lilac creat
ic - iliac creast
asis - anterior superior iliac spine
aiis - anterior inferior iliac spine
psis - posterior superior iliac spine
piis - posterior inferior iliac spine
gsn - greater sciatic notch
if - lilac fossa
Name all the bony markings on the ishium
inferior ramus
tuberosity
spine
if - inferior ramus
t - tuberosity
s - spine
Name all the bony markings on the pubis
public symphysis site
interior ramus
superior ramus
pss - public symphysis site
ir - interior ramus
sr - superior ramus
Where are these bony markings on the Femur?
head
greater trochanter
lesser trochanter
shaft
lateral condyle
medial condyle
lateral epicondyle
medial epicondyle
linea aspera
Where are these bony markings on the Tibia?lateral condyle
medial condyle
tibial tuberosity
shaft
medial malleolus
Where are these bony markings on the Filbula?
styloid process
lateral malleolus
head
shaft
Where are these bony markings on the Tarsals?
talus
calcaneus
cuboid
navicular
medial cuneiform
intermediate cuneiform
lateral cuneiform
What simple epithelium is this?
squamous - simple layer of cells
What simple epithelium is this?
cuboidal - shape of the cells
What simple epithelium is this?
columnar - basement membrane
What stratified epithelium is this?
stratified squamous - many layers of cells
What stratified epithelium is this?
stratified cuboidal- shape of the luminal layer
What stratified epithelium is this?
stratified columnar - basement membrane
What epithelium is this?
transitional epithelium - no shape, basement membrane, found in urinary system
What epithelium is this?
pseudostratified epithelium - looks like 2 layers, found in respiratory
What muscle type is this?
smooth - tiny cells, no striations, “cigar-shaped”
What muscle type is this?
skeletal/striated - giant cells extend the length of muscle , parallel cells
What muscle type is this?
cardiac - branching of cells, found in heart
What nervous tissue is this?
neuron
What nervous tissue is this?
glial cells
What is this? (connective tissues)
bone
What cartilage is this? (connective tissue)
hyaline cartilage
What blood connective tissue is this?
What connective tissue is this?
loose areolar connective tissue
Which is the thick skin and which is thin skin? And point out the Epidermis? Dermis? Hypodermis?
top - Epidermis
middle - Dermis
button - Hypodermis
