Exam 1 - Key Terms 3 Flashcards
Employee empowerment
The practice of giving non-managerial employees the responsibility and the power to make decisions regarding their jobs or tasks.
Employee involvement (EI)
The concept of using the experience, creative energy, and intelligence of all employees by treating them with respect, keeping them informed, and including them and their ideas in decision-making processes appropriate to their areas of expertise.
Explode
To perform a bill-of-material explosion
External failure costs
The costs related to problems found after the product reaches the customer. This usually includes costs as warranty and returns.
External setup time
The time associated with elements of a setup procedure performed while the process or machine is running.
Field service
The functions of installing and maintaining a product for a customer after the sale or during the lease. Field service may also include training and implementation assistance.
Finished goods inventory
Those items on which all manufacturing operations, including final test, have been completed. These products are available for shipment to the customer as either end items or repair parts.
Finite forward scheduling
An equipment scheduling technique that builds a schedule by proceeding sequentially from the initial period to the final period while observing capacity limits.
Finite loading
Assigning no more work to a work center than the work center can be expected to execute in a given time period. Syn: finite scheduling
Firm planned order (FPO)
A planned order that can be frozen in quantity and time. The computer is not allowed to change it automatically; this is the responsibility of the planner in charge of the item that is being planned.
Five Ss
Five terms beginning with “S” used to create a workplace suitable for lean production: sort, scrub, simplify, standardize, and sustain.
Five Ss - Sort
To separate needed items from unneeded ones and remove the latter. Japanese equivalent: seiri
Five Ss - Simplify
To neatly arrange items for use. Japanese equivalent: seiton
Five Ss - Scrub
To clean up the work area. Japanese equivalent: seiso
Five Ss - Standardize
To sort, simplify, and scrub daily. Japanese equivalent: seiketsu
Five Ss - Sustain
The act of following the first four Ss. Japanese equivalent: Shitsuke
Five whys
The common practice in total quality management is to ask “why” five times when confronted with a problem. By the answer to the fifth “why” is found, the ultimate cause of the problem is identified. Also knows as five Ws; root cause analysis
Fixed order quantity
A lot-sizing technique in MRP or inventory management that will always cause planned or actual orders to be generated for a predetermined fixed quantity, or multiples thereof, if net requirements for the period exceed the fixed order quantity.
Fixed overhead
Traditionally, all manufacturing costs–other than direct labor and direct materials–that continue even if products are not produced. Although fixed overhead is necessary to produce the product, it cannot be directly traced to the final product.
Fixed-location storage
A method of storage in which a relatively permanent location is assigned for the storage of each item in a storeroom or warehouse. Although more space is needed to store pats than in a random-location storage system, fixed locations become familiar, and therefore a locator file may not be needed.
Flow processing
In process systems development, work flows from one workstation to another at a nearly constant rate and with no delays.
Flow processing - discrete/geometric production
Process is called repetitive manufacturing
Flow processing - non-geometric production
Process is called continuous manufacturing
Flow shop
A form of manufacturing organization in which machines and operators handle a standard, usually uninterrupted, material flow.
Flowchart
The output of a flowcharting process; a chart that shows the operations, transportation, storages, delays, inspections, and so on related to a process
Fluctuation inventory
Inventory that is carried as a cushion to protect against error.
Forward scheduling
A scheduling technique where the schedule proceeds from a known start date and computes the completion date for an order, usually proceeding from the first operation to the last.
Functional layout
A facility configuration in which operations of a similar nature or function are grouped together. Also known as job shop layout or process layout
Gantt chart
The earliest and best-known type of planning and control chart, especially designed to show graphically the relationship between planned performance and actual performance over time. Also known as job progress chart or milestone chart
Gemba
The place where humans create value; the real workplace.
