Exam 1 Intro to Animal Science

Question 1

Who was William Pynchon? What did he do?

Answer 1

First meat packer to export salt pork

Question 2

Who was Robert Bakewell? What did he do?

Answer 2

Began breeding animals for purpose and created different

Question 3

What does the USDA do?

Answer 3

Regulates meat, poultry, processed egg product, and catfish

Question 4

What two organizations branch off of the USDA?

Answer 4

1. APHIS
2. FSIS

Question 5

Food and Drug Act (FDA)

Answer 5

Outlines requirements for food labels

Question 6

What is the Cooperative Extension Service? What does it include? (3)

Answer 6

1. Partnership between agriculture, colleges, and USDA
2. 4-H, family and consumer science, Ag and natural resources

Question 7

What does the Animal Welfare Act mandate for universities and corporations?

Answer 7

Every university/corporation must form an Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC)

The IACUC is responsible for overseeing the care and use of animals in research and teaching.

Question 8

Why was the Hazard Analysis and Critical Contact Points (HACCP) implemented? What organizations controls it?

Answer 8

To reduce presence of pathogens in meat. Controlled by the USDA-FSIS.

Question 9

What things do animals produce that humans use directly and where does it come from? (5)

Answer 9

1. Protein C (pig milk)
2. Hemoglobin (pigs)
3. Xenografts (organ transplants)
4. Heart Valves (Pigs)
5. Skin Grafts (pigs)

Question 10

Castrated male (Cattle)

Answer 10

Steer

Question 11

Free Martin

Answer 11

Heifer born twin to bull

Question 12

What percentage of free martins are sterile?

Answer 12

At least 95%

Question 13

Ox (cattle)

Answer 13

adult castrated bull intended for draft

Question 14

Castrated Male (Sheep and Goats)

Answer 14

Wether

Question 15

Hogget

Answer 15

Yearling sheep

Question 16

What are the three types of goat meat?

Answer 16

1. Chevon
2. Cabrito
3. Capretto

Question 17

Young female that has not given birth (Pig)

Answer 17

Gilt

Question 18

Castrated male (pig)

Answer 18

Barrow

Question 19

What is a weaned pig called?

Answer 19

Shoat

Question 20

Castrated boar after being used for breeding?

Answer 20

Stag

Question 21

Castrated male (horses, llamas, alpacas)

Answer 21

Gelding

Question 22

How many inches is a hand? How many hands is a pony?

Answer 22

1. 4 inches
2. less than 14.2 hands when mature

Question 23

Castrated male (chickens, ducks, turkeys, geese)

Answer 23

Capon

Question 24

Castrated male (rabbit)

Answer 24

Lapin

Question 25

Birthing (rabbit)

Answer 25

Kindling

Question 26

Newborn (llama/alpaca)

Answer 26

Cria

Question 27

Birthing (cats)

Answer 27

Queening

Question 28

What are the 10 steps of harvesting meat?

Answer 28

1. Immobilization
2. Bleeding
3. Removal of head
4. Removal of hair and skin
5. Removal of feet/toenails
6. Removal of organs
7. Splitting
8. Washing
9. Inspection
10. Chilling

Question 29

Dressing Percent Equation

Answer 29

carcass weight*100 divided by live weight

Question 30

What is an male donkey called? What about a female?

Answer 30

Jack, Jenny

Question 31

What is a hinny? What about a mule? What do they have in common?

Answer 31

Cross between a jack and a mare
Cross between a stallion and a jenny
Sterile

Question 32

What is a group of cats called?

Answer 32

A cluster

Question 33

What is the order of fat deposition?

Answer 33

1. perinephric
2. intermuscular
3. subcutaneous
4. intramuscular (marbling)

Question 34

What are the three main grading criteria?

Answer 34

1. carcass maturity
2. firmness, texture, color
3. amount of marbling

Question 35

What grades are given beef and what do they mean?

Answer 35

1-5
1 being the leanest and 5 being the fattiest

Question 36

What grades are given for