Exam 1 - Infection Control

Question 1

Infection

Answer 1

The invasion of a susceptible host

Question 2

Colonization

Answer 2

The presence and growth of microorganisms within a host

Question 3

Pathogens

Answer 3

Microorganisms or toxins that cause disease

Question 4

Communicable disease

Answer 4

An infectious disease that is transmitted from one person to another

Question 5

Virulence

Answer 5

A microorganisms ability to produce disease; enter and survive in a host;

Question 6

Reservoir

Answer 6

A place where microorganisms survive, multiply, and wait for transfer to a susceptible host.

Question 7

Carriers

Answer 7

People who are either symptomatic or asymptomatic and who give others the disease

Question 8

Immunity

Answer 8

Can be acquired in either a natural or artificial way

Question 9

Antibody

Answer 9

The protein that is able to recognize and fight pathogens. Can be received by passive natural immunity

Question 10

Pathogenicity

Answer 10

The severity of an infectious disease depends in part by this measurement of the pathogenicity of the disease, or the measurement of the capacity for the disease to cause damage.

Question 11

Inflammatory Response

Answer 11

A protective reaction that neutralizes pathogens and repairs body cells.

Question 12

Flora

Answer 12

the body’s normal amount of microorganisms. They reside on the skin, and deep layers of the skin, in the saliva, on oral mucosa and intestinal walls.

Question 13

Suprainfection

Answer 13

Suprainfection is the appearance of both microbiological and clinical evidence of a new infection developing during the course of antibiotic therapy of a previous one.

Question 14

HAI

Answer 14

Health care-acquired infection

Question 15

Exogenous infection

Answer 15

Comes from microorganisms found outside the individual. They do not exist as normal flora.

Question 16

Endogenous infection

Answer 16

Occurs when part of a patients normal flora becomes altered and overgrowth results.

Question 17

Asepsis

Answer 17

The absence of disease producing microorganisms

Question 18

Medical Asepsis

Answer 18

Or clean techniques, includes procedures used to reduce the number and prevent the spread of microorganisms.

Question 19

Surgical Asepsis

Answer 19

Or sterile technique, includes procedures to eliminate all microorganisms from an area.

Question 20

Sterilization

Answer 20

Destroys all microorganisms and their spores.

Question 21

Standard precautions

Answer 21

Use with every patient regardless of diagnoses. Treat patient as if they may have a communicable disease.

Question 22

Transmission-based precautions

Answer 22

Used on patients with communicable diseases and infections that are easily transmittable to others.

Question 23

Disinfection

Answer 23

Eliminates almost all pathogenic organisms, with the exception of bacterial spores.

Question 24

Airborne precautions

Answer 24

Airborne precautions are required to protect against airborne transmission of infectious agents. Diseases requiring airborne precautions include, but are not limited to: Measles, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Varicella (chickenpox), and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Question 25

Droplet precautions & Contact precautions

Answer 25

Both used on patients with infectious diseases requiring these precautions. Examples include if a patient has TB or COVID-19.