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CNS Module > Exam 1 Hong Review > Flashcards

Exam 1 Hong Review Flashcards

1
Q

What ion influx leads to the release of NT?

A

Ca2+

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2
Q

What NT have a role in schizophrenia?

A

Dopamine

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3
Q

What are the receptors associated with glutamate?

A

AMPA, NMDA, mGlu

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4
Q

(T/F) Inhibition of an inhibitory pre-synaptic neuron can lead to excitation of the post-synaptic cells

A

True!

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5
Q

(T/F) GABA A receptors are Cl- ion channels that have a clinical role in epilepsy

A

True!

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6
Q

What are the “wake promoting” NTs?

A

Ach, HA, 5HT, NE

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7
Q

What is the “sleep promoting” NT?

A

GABA

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8
Q

How do barbiturates affect GABA mediated Cl- ion channel openings?

A

incr. duration of openings

high doses can act on GABA A independently

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9
Q

How do BZDs affect GABA mediated Cl- ion channel openings?

A

incr. frequency of openings

  • can block effects with flumazenil
  • GABA must be present to function
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10
Q

(T/F) Zolpidem binds preferentially to GABA A receptors that contain an alpha-1 subunit

A

True!

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11
Q

Are Orexins sleep or wake promoting neuropeptides?

A

Wake-promoting

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12
Q

Which NT(s) are involved in the biology of depression?

A
  • DA
  • NE
  • 5-HT
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13
Q

What transporter do secondary amine TCAs have the highest binding (inhibitor) preference on?

A

NET

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14
Q

Which transporter do tertiary amine TCAs act on?

A

SERT & NET

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15
Q

How does esketamine work?

A

it increases dopamine levels rapidly.

  • non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist
  • DAT inhibitor
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16
Q

Are all TCAs metabolized by CYP2D6?

A

YES

17
Q

Which NT(s) are involved in the biology of ADHD?

A
  • DA

- NE

18
Q

What transporters does amphetamine mainly act on?

A

DAT & NET

19
Q

What does a lower dose of methylphenidate

A

act as a DAT and NET antagonist

20
Q

What does a higher dose of methylphenidate do?

A

It acts as a releaser to facilitate release of DA and NE

21
Q

What receptors do typical antipsychotics block?

A

D2 receptors! (pre and post synaptic)

22
Q

Abilify activates:

on the presynaptic 5-HT neuron in the:
pathway

A

5HT1A autoreceptors

Mesocortical & Nigrostriatal

  • -> we want a higher amount of DA in mesocortical and nigrostriatal pathways,
  • -> and activation of 5HT1A autoreceptor on the presynaptic serotonin can:
  • decrease 5-HT
  • block 5-HT activity on the 5HT2A autoreceptor on the presynaptic DA releasing neuron
23
Q

What reuptake transporters are inhibited by bupropion?

A

DAT & NET

24
Q

MAOis work to inhibit what enzymes?

Is this reversible?

A

MAO-A and MAO-B

this is IRREVERSIBLE

25
Q

What can happen with long-term administration of SSRIs?

A

down regulation of SERT

CNS Module (9 decks)

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