Exam 1 Hong Review Flashcards
What ion influx leads to the release of NT?
Ca2+
What NT have a role in schizophrenia?
Dopamine
What are the receptors associated with glutamate?
AMPA, NMDA, mGlu
(T/F) Inhibition of an inhibitory pre-synaptic neuron can lead to excitation of the post-synaptic cells
True!
(T/F) GABA A receptors are Cl- ion channels that have a clinical role in epilepsy
True!
What are the “wake promoting” NTs?
Ach, HA, 5HT, NE
What is the “sleep promoting” NT?
GABA
How do barbiturates affect GABA mediated Cl- ion channel openings?
incr. duration of openings
high doses can act on GABA A independently
How do BZDs affect GABA mediated Cl- ion channel openings?
incr. frequency of openings
- can block effects with flumazenil
- GABA must be present to function
(T/F) Zolpidem binds preferentially to GABA A receptors that contain an alpha-1 subunit
True!
Are Orexins sleep or wake promoting neuropeptides?
Wake-promoting
Which NT(s) are involved in the biology of depression?
- DA
- NE
- 5-HT
What transporter do secondary amine TCAs have the highest binding (inhibitor) preference on?
NET
Which transporter do tertiary amine TCAs act on?
SERT & NET
How does esketamine work?
it increases dopamine levels rapidly.
- non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist
- DAT inhibitor
Are all TCAs metabolized by CYP2D6?
YES
Which NT(s) are involved in the biology of ADHD?
- DA
- NE
What transporters does amphetamine mainly act on?
DAT & NET
What does a lower dose of methylphenidate
act as a DAT and NET antagonist
What does a higher dose of methylphenidate do?
It acts as a releaser to facilitate release of DA and NE
What receptors do typical antipsychotics block?
D2 receptors! (pre and post synaptic)
Abilify activates:
on the presynaptic 5-HT neuron in the:
pathway
5HT1A autoreceptors
Mesocortical & Nigrostriatal
- -> we want a higher amount of DA in mesocortical and nigrostriatal pathways,
- -> and activation of 5HT1A autoreceptor on the presynaptic serotonin can:
- decrease 5-HT
- block 5-HT activity on the 5HT2A autoreceptor on the presynaptic DA releasing neuron
What reuptake transporters are inhibited by bupropion?
DAT & NET
MAOis work to inhibit what enzymes?
Is this reversible?
MAO-A and MAO-B
this is IRREVERSIBLE
What can happen with long-term administration of SSRIs?
down regulation of SERT
