exam 1 hematology Flashcards
what makes up the hematologic system?
blood,spleen, BM, liver, thymus
composition of blood
60-80ml/kg = 5L
albumin
volume and osmotic pressure
serum globulins
transport of lipid, bilirubin, immune functions
fibrinogen
coagulation
prothrombin
coagulation
plasminogen
coagulation
MCV
mean corpuscular volume
volume in each cell (size)
MCH
mean corpuscular hgb
hgb in each cell (color)
MCHC
mean corpuscular hgb concentration
hematocrit for each cell (shape)
mild anemia
hb 10-14
may go w/o s
palpitations, external dyspnea, diaphoresis
moderate anemia
hb 6-10
increased cardiopulmonary s
dyspnea
severe anemia
hb <6
pallor, jaundice (increase serum bilirubin), pruritus, glossitis, blurred vision, tacky, mi,
iron deficiency anemia causes
most common
blood loss GI/U, diet, malabsorption, hemolysis
iron deficiency anemia s/sx
pallor, glossitis
best way to absorb iron?
ferrous sulfate in acidic, no food
megaloblastic anemia
group of disorders caused by impaired DNA synthesis
large RBCs
types of megaloblastic anemia
cobalamin/ b12
folic acid
pernicious anemia
absence of IF so cannot absorb b12
aplastic anemia
decreased production of bone marrow elements
hemolytic anemia
destruction or hemolysis of RBCs that exceeds production
thalassemia
defective synthesis of hemoglobin
increased rigidity of erythricytes
G-6-PD
defective synthesis of hemoglobin
essential for membrane stability
anti sickling agent
hydroxyurea, erythropoietin, bone marrow transplant