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Japan Sacred Sites > exam 1 examples > Flashcards

exam 1 examples Flashcards

1
Q

Daisen Kofun period

A

Kofun period late 3rd century to late 7th

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2
Q

Largets Kofun

A

Daisen Kofun

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3
Q

who is burried in the daisen kofun

A

Emperor nintoku

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4
Q

when was the daisen kofun built

A

5th century

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5
Q

Who is Himiko

A

Empress Himiko ruled during the late 3rd century, she bewtiched and used sorcery and magic.

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6
Q

Who is burried in the hashihaka kofun

A

Empress Himiko

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7
Q

Haniwa

A

Terracotta figurines of houses, vases, boats, people, or animals, placed on top of a Kofun and around the perimeters

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8
Q

what function did Haniwa serve

A

To mark the sacred space and mortal space at kofuns, to protects from evil spirits, and to commemorate important events

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9
Q

Amaterasu

A

Sun Goddess/deity/kami in the shinto worship. she is enshrined in a bronze mirror, the ise shrine is dedicated to her. she is believed to be the anestor of the imperial family.

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10
Q

Takamatsuzuka century

A

built in the late 7th to early 8th century

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11
Q

who resides in the takamatsuzuka tomb?

A

Debated to be one of emperor Tenmus sons

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12
Q

Shinto

A

The way of the kami

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13
Q

is shinto a religion

A

it is a practiced way of life

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14
Q

what is a kami

A

goddess/ god/ diety

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15
Q

Okinoshima

A

small island between japan and korea where only men can worship.

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16
Q

Ise shrine

A

In the Mie Prefecture dedicated to Amaterasu

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17
Q

when was the ise shrine first constructed?

A

As early as the 3rd century

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18
Q

how many fences does the ise shrine now have

A

4

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19
Q

three imperial regalia

A

Bronze mirror , sword, and gem

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20
Q

great hall of state

A

Daigokuden

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21
Q

when was the Daigokuden (Great hall of State) built?

A

8th Century

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22
Q

What 3 Ceremonies were held in the Daigokuden?

A

1.Ascensions
2.New Years Celebration
3.Official reception of ambassadors from other countries

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23
Q

Who was the Daigokuden inspired by?

A

Chang’an Dynasty in China

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24
Q

What was the last destination of the silk rode

A

Nara

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25
Q

What does the three legged crow represent? (3)

A
  1. The sun
  2. The Emperor
  3. Amaterasu
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26
Q

In the Takamatsuzuka Kofun, what was depicted on the walls?

A

6 men and 6 women, the 4 cardinals animals (3 but one is missing from the south wall), Gold leaf for constellations on the roof, the sun and moon on opposite walls.

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27
Q

What object was found from China in the Takamatsuzuka Kofun and what was its significance?

A

Bronze mirror from the Tang Dynasty in China. Showed the high power the emperor had

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28
Q

what do the four cardinal animals do or represent?

A

The White tiger of the west, the black tortoise of the north, the blue dragon of the east, and the red pheonix of the south, are placed in tombs for safe passage, and represent each season as well.

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29
Q

What is the significance of the guardian animals, the constellations, and the paintings?

A

To create a perfect balance in order for the deceased to arrive to the next world safely and easily

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30
Q

Which kofun is older? Kitara or Takamatsuzuka Kofun?

A

Kitara Kofun

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31
Q

Which Kofun is larger, Kitara or Takamatsuzuka Kofun?

A

Takamatsuzuka Kofun

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32
Q

4 taboos from the Okinoshima island

A
  1. You must not talk about what you see/hear there
  2. you must purify yourself in the water before entering
  3. No women are allowed
  4. must not remove anything from island
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33
Q

Where can women pray to Okinoshima without being there?

A

On the Island Oshima

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34
Q

What is Goshintai?

A

It is Kami Body

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35
Q

What do the three Regalia represent?

A

Symbols of the devine authority of the Emperor

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36
Q

When did the Capital of Fujiwara move to Nara

A

early 8th Century

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37
Q

What was the gate called that led you to the Grand Avenue

A

Great Vermillion Bird Gate or Suzaku Gate

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38
Q

When was the heian (kyoto) capital established?

A

Late 8th Century

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39
Q

What was so important about the location

A

Geomancy and was placed auspiciously according to the 4 cardinal directions (4 protector animals) with mountains on 3 sides. Only side without a mountain was the south.

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40
Q

What is the Shishinden

A

Hall of state or Throne Hall

41
Q

What purpose did the Shishinden serve?

A

For major Ceremonies of State

42
Q

What important feature did the Shishinden have outside its doors?

A

Orange tree at the right side and Cherry Tree left side. Orange= Eternity and Cherry =Change

43
Q

Why was the Todaiji built?

A

Initially was for Emperor Shomu’s son who had died

44
Q

When was the Todaiji Built?

A

8th Century

45
Q

Who are the gaurdian Deities outside the South gate of the Todaiji?

A

A and Un/hum they face eachother at the gate

46
Q

What purpose do the A and Un Deities serve?

A

Ward away evil spirits to create a sacred space

47
Q

What do the A and Un Deities represent?

A

The begging of the universe and the end. so The entire universe.

48
Q

What is a Pagoda?

A

Orignially a Stuppa or burial mound for the remains of Buddha and or his disciples.

49
Q

Which Buddha is located in the Todaiji Hall?

A

Cosmic Buddha or Vairocana or great buddha

50
Q

What is done every August at the Todaiji?

A

Anual Cleaning

51
Q

What is Cakravartin

A

The one who turns the wheel of the Law

52
Q

Who is Siddhartha Gautama

A

The Buddha, who founded Buddhism

53
Q

Who is Sakyamuni

A

Siddhartha Gautama or the Founder of Buddhism, the Buddha

54
Q

What are the two Esoteric Buddhism teachings?

A

Exoteric Teachings (revealed Teaching) & Esoteric Teachings (Secret Teachings)

55
Q

What is the Exoteric Teachings (3)

A
  1. Traced to Sakyamuni.
  2. Emphasizes the intellectual study and comprehension of the doctrines set forth by the sutras
    3.Takes many long training to be rebirthed many times to be enlightened.
56
Q

What is the Esoteric Teachings (3)

A
  1. Teachings cam directly from Dainichi or Vairocana Buddha
  2. Using ones own body and experiences and esoteric truths hidden in the world as well as the Sutras
  3. It is possible for anyone regardless of their Karmic disposition to become buddha and enlightened.
57
Q

Who founded Shingon Buddhism?

A

Kukai

58
Q

When was Shingon Buddhism created?

A

early 8th Century

59
Q

Who created Tendai Buddhism

A

Saicho

60
Q

What is Mandala

A

To obtain essence or achieve enlightenment.
It is a cosmic Diagram of the Universe

61
Q

what are the three Mysteries

A

Mantra (Mouth)
Mudra (Body)
mandala (Mind)

62
Q

What is the Vajra

A

Legendary Weapon and ritual item that symbolizes the properties of Diamond and a Thunderbolt

63
Q

What is Toji

A

The East temple For Shingon Buddhism

64
Q

What is the lecture hall inside called?

A

Kodo Toji Lecture Hall

65
Q

What are the 3D scultures inside the Kodo Toji Lecture hall?

A

Karma Mandala

66
Q

Who desinged the Toji Temple and Lecture hall?

A

Kukai under the Sponsorship of the Imperial Court

67
Q

How many Scultures are there in the Toji Temple Kodo Lecture hall?

A

21

68
Q

Which Buddist Sutra is Toji Lecture hall representing

A

Diamond Peak Sutra
the Diamond Mandala

69
Q

Who are the 5 Center scultures at the Kodo Toji Lecture Hall

A

The 5 great Buddhas with Dainichi in the center

70
Q

who are the sculptures to the right of the 5 Great Buddhas

A

5 Great Wisdom kings

71
Q

Who are the Sculptures to the left of the 5 great Buddhas?

A

5 great Bodhisattvas

72
Q

What are the Rituals in the Toji Hall

A
  1. Sutra Recitation
  2. Offerings
  3. Goma (fire) Ritual
73
Q

What is the goal of the Rituals at the Toji Hall of lecture?

A

Chingo Kokka (protection of the nation)
and the emperors well being and peace and prosperity of the nation

74
Q

what is Chingo Kokka?

A

Ritual for the protection of the Nation

75
Q

How many assemblies/ courts/ sections are in the Diamond Mandala

A

9 Including Dainichi in the One seal assembly

76
Q

How many assemblies/ courts/ sections are in the Womb Mandala

A

12

77
Q

What does the Diamond Mandala Represent?

A

Male Principle, embodying the diamond like wisdom that prevades the universe

78
Q

what does the Womb Mandala represent?

A

Female Principle, expresses the many virtues of Buddha including compassion

79
Q

Which Mandala includes animals, humans, monks, and demons?

A

Womb Mandala

80
Q

Which mandala is strictly depicting enlightened beings?

A

Diamond Mandala

81
Q

What is a Mudra

A

hand gesturing meditation.

82
Q

In the Womb Mandala, what flower is used to represent the 5 great buddhas and 4 bodhisattvas

A

Lotus flower with 8 petals

83
Q

Is the diamond mandala East or west?

A

West

84
Q

Is the Womb Mandala East or West

A

East

85
Q

Who introduced the Latter 7 days ritual?

A

Kukai

86
Q

when does the Latter 7 Day ritual take place?

A

The 8th to the 14th of the 1st month

87
Q

what is the the name of the new hall Kukai built specifically for the esoteric rituals?

A

Mantra Chapel

88
Q

Where is Mt Koya?

A

In the wakayama Prefecture

89
Q

How many mountains surround Mt Koya?

A

8

90
Q

what is the significance of the 8 mountains surrounding Mt Koya?

A

representing the 8 petal lotus flower of the Womb Mandala

91
Q

What are the name of the two towers on Mt Koya?

A
  1. Fundamental Great tower (East)
    2.Western Tower
92
Q

Which Mandala is the Fundamental Great tower?

A

Womb Mandala

93
Q

Which Mandala is the West Tower?

A

Diamond Mandala

94
Q

In the Fundamental great tower, from which mandala do the buddhas that surround Dainichi belong to?

A

Dainichi belongs to the Womb Mandala and is surrounded by 4 great buddhas from the Diamond Mandala

95
Q

In the Westen Tower, from which mandala do the the Buddhas that surround Dainichi Belong to?

A

Dainichi belongs to the Diamond realm and is surrounded by 4 buddhas from the Womb Mandala

96
Q

Which tower did Kukai not live long enough to see finished?

A

Western tower on Mt koya

97
Q

who designed the buildings and layout of Mt. Koya?

A

Kukai

98
Q

Why is the combination of the Womb and Diamond Mandala so important?

A

Kukai stressed that both Mandalas are needed for enlightenment, and while they seem opposites, they are both needed to be intertwined to achieve true enlightenment.

99
Q
A

Japan Sacred Sites (3 decks)

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