Exam 1 cont. Flashcards
Techne
The art of Rhetoric taught by sophists
Nomoi
The laws & values of different Polis’
Encomium
Speech of praise
Nous
The mind
Corax & Tsias
Teacher & student from sicily. Created an organizational structure for rhetoric (Proem, narration, conf/ref, & peroration) as well as the Doctrine of Probability.
Thesis of Encomium to Helen
Helen is not guilty
4 reasons Helen is innocent
Fate, Love, Persuasion, and Force
What is Encomium to Helen really about?
Rhetoric
Where does the Gorgias take place?
Callicles house
Dialogue
Conversation (Philosopher to Student)
Dialectic
Philosopher to Philosopher. Focus on collection and division of arguments.
Bad Rhetoric
Sophists to the masses. Provides the audience with what is pleasurable but no good. Does not lead to Truth and is not based on knowledge of the soul.
Piety
Important value to a city state
Main question of Gorgias?
Is rhetoric good or bad?
Aporetic
Inconclusive ending
Polus
Student in the Gorgias
Plato on decision makers
Thinks they are uninformed and not users of dialectic. Their choices are too based in opinion.
Physis v. Nomoi
Nature v. Convention
Dialectic & the audience
Conversation allows for clarity. Leads audience closer to the good.
Noble Rhetoric
Philosopher to the masses. Ethical and related to knowledge, power, and politics. Based on a knowledge of souls and seeks to show others knowledge of the good.
Socrates on Oratory
Oratory does not lead us closer to the Truth. It is quick with an immediate response and unjust rather than carefully thought out. Prefers Discussion. Knack, flattery, and cookery. Gives what is pleasing not what is good.
Socrates on Discussion
Discussion is long & drawn out. It is also just & carefully considered. It brings us closer to the Truth.
Gymnastics
Cosmetics
Medicine
Pastry Baking
Legislation
Sophistry
Justice
Oratory
Is is worse to do something unjust or have something unjust done to you?
Worse to do something unjust because you’re consciously doing something wrong.
What is worse than doing something unjust?
Acting unjustly and not being punished because you’ll continue the unjust behavior.
Just Actions
Examine power, temperance, & virtue. Good orators instill these in an audience.
Lysias
One of the great speakers. Just gave a speech on why Friendship is better than love when you’re choosing a mentor.
Where does phaedrus take place?
Outside the city walls. This is outside of socrates comfort zone. He prefers to stay in the agora.
Agora
Marketplace. Socrates hang out place.
Kerimeikes
Graveyard. Epideictic speech.
Areopagus
Courts. Forensic.
Pynx
Deliberative.
Acropolis
Highest point in the city. Temple.
Socrates 1st Speech in Phaedrus
Disadvs. of an evil love as mentor
Socrates 2nd Speech in Phaedrus
Advs. of a noble lover
Why does socrates cover his face in his first speech?
Doesn’t actually think what he’s saying is true.
Definition of Love
Gift from the gods, Divine Madness
Good Passion
Knowledge & good
Bad Passion
Desires
How do horses gain their wings?
Beauty, wisdom & goodness
White horse
The will. Pulls chariot upward toward knowledge of the Good & Heaven
Black Horse
Appetite that leads us to intemperance.
Charioteer
Reason. Guides us like dialectic.
4 kinds of madness
Love, Mystic, Poetic, Inspiration
Love
Aphrodite (Best kind of madness)
Inspiration
Apollo
Mystic
Dionysus
Poetic
Muses
Rhetorical Structure
Preamble, Statement of facts, Indirect evidence, Claims to plausibility, Confirmation & Supplementary confirmation, Refutation & Supplementary refutation, & Recapitulation
5 Cannons
Invention (building the arguments) Disposition (organization) Style (language use) Memory Delivery
Knowing Souls of Audience
1- Identify souls a precisely as possible
2- How are souls acted upon by certain things
3- Classify the souls & the appropriate speech
